Gross Exam 3 Flashcards
Which nerves are atypical intercostal nerves?
1st-2nd and 7th-11th
The anterior rami of T1-T11 form what nerves? And T12?
The intercostal nerves and sub costal nerve
Which three arteries supply an intercostal space?
Posterior intercostal artery and a small pair of anterior intercostal arteries off the intercostal arteries.
Name the nine regions of the abdominal cavity.
Right and left hypochondriac, epigastric, umbilical, left and right lumbar, right and left inguinal, and hypo gastric (pubic)
What four planes divide the abdominal region into the 9 regions?
Sub costal plane, trans tubercular plane, aNd two midclavicular planes.
Which plane passes through the midpoint of the clavicle and midpoint of the inguinal lines?
Midclavicular planes
Which plane passes through the iliac tubercles and the body of L5 vertebrae?
Trans tubercular plane
Which plane passes through the inferior border of the 10th costal cartilage?
Subcostal plane
What are the boundaries of the anterolateral wall?
Costal cartilages of ribs 7-10 the xiphoid process and inguinal ligament and pelvic bones
Name the fascias of the anterolateral abdominal wall from superficial to deep.
Subcutaneous tissue: superficial fatty layer and deep membranous layer
Investing fascia (epimysium of the three muscle layers)
Endo-abdominal fascia: transversalis fascia would be the inner most layer.
Extra-peritoneal fat
Parietal peritoneum
How do the external and internal oblique fibers run?
Inferiormedially and Inferolaterally.
What are the five umbilical peritoneal folds?
Two medial umbilical folds and two lateral umbilical folds, and median umbilical fold.
what are the typical ribs? and there characteristics?
3-9th, they articulate inferior with the thoracic vertebrae of their rib number and superiorly with the rib above. therefore the head has two facets seperated by crest
which ribs are atypical? what makes them atypical?
1-2 and 10-12. The 1st and 10-12 only have one facet. the 11th-12th ribs have no necks or tubercles.
which thoracic vertebrae have costal facets on the transverse process?
inferior two to three ribs
what kind of joint is the intervertebral and the manubriosternal?
secondary cartilagenous, symphysis
what kind of joints are the costovertebral and costotransverse?
synovial planar joint
what kind of joint is the sternocostal?
1st is primary cartilagenous and the 2nd-7th are synovial planar
what kind of joint is the xiphisternal and costochondral?
primary cartliganeous joint.
at what level is the sternal angle?
IV disc between T4-T5
What level is the body of the sternum? and the xiphoid process?
T5-T9. T10
what is responsible for the producing the subatomic pressure in the pleural cavity?
the elastic recoil of lungs
which ribs act to perform a pump handle movement andhow does this pumphandle increase the dimensions of the thoracic cavity?
the upper ribs, and increase the thoracic cavity anterior to posterior
how do the inferior ribs move and what dimensions do they increase?
they perform a bucket handle movement that increases the transverse dimnesions
The anterior rami of T1-T11and T12 form what nerves?
The intercostal nerves and the Subcostal nerve
From superior to inferior list the posterior intercostal vein and artery and intercostal nerve as they lay in the costal groove.
Posterior intercostal vein, artery, then intercostal nerve.
What are the atypical intercostal nerves? And which are typical?
1st-2nd and 7th-11th.
And 3rd-6th
What arteries supply the thoracic wall?
The superior thoracic, lateral thoracic, internal thoracic, and posterior and anterior thoracic arteries
Name the divisions of the bronchi.
Main bronchus, lobar bronchi, segmental bronchi, tertiary bronchi, and respiratory bronchi.
How many alveolar ducts does the respiratory bronchiole give rise too, and how many alveolar sacs does each duct give rise to?
2-11 ducts and 5-6 sacs
Where is the apex of the heart?
The 5th intercostal space
