Gross Anatomy 4L

Question 1

A thin serous layer that covers the boundaries of the thoracic cavity is called the _____

Answer 1

parietal pleura

Question 2

The serous membrane that covers the lungs is called the _____

Answer 2

visceral pleura

Question 3

The space between parietal and visceral pleura is called the _____

Answer 3

pleural cavity

Question 4

The sensory fibers from the phrenic nerve to the diaphragm originate from ___ to ___

Answer 4

C3 to C5

Question 5

Painful inflammation of the parietal pleura is called _____

Answer 5

Pleurisy

Question 6

Lines that delineate the entire extent of the pleural cavity are called _____

Answer 6

Pleural Reflection

Question 7

There is a discrepancy of ____ width between the inferior boarders of the lungs and the inferior extent of the pleural cavity

Answer 7

2 rib widths

Question 8

The internal organs in the main cavity (especially the abdomen) of the body are called ______

Answer 8

Viscera

Question 9

The lung (fills/ does not fill) the pleural cavity

Answer 9

Does not fill

Question 10

Free air in the pleural space is called a ______

Answer 10

pneumothorax

Question 11

When there is free air in the pleural space and the pleural cavity is sealed (such as a whole in the lung) it is specifically called a ______

Answer 11

tension pneumothorax

Question 12

C3, 4 and 5 ______

Answer 12

keep your diaphragm alive

Question 13

There are two portions of the bronchoalveolar system, the _____ and the _____

Answer 13

conducting portion

respiratory portion

Question 14

When you inhale a wad of gum at the playground, it usually ends up in ______

Answer 14

the right main brounchi

Question 15

Gaseous exchange takes place in little cavities called ______

Answer 15

alveoli

Question 16

Big groups of many alveoli are called ______

Answer 16

alveolar sacs

Question 17

This type of alveolar epithelial cells are specialized for gas exchange

Answer 17

Type I alveolar epithelial cells

Question 18

This type of alveolar epithelial cells produce surfactant rich in phospholipids and hydrophobic protiens

Answer 18

Type II alveolar epithelial cells

Question 19

Efferent lymphatics from the hilar nodes drain superiorly into the _______ and ______ nodes

Answer 19

tracheobronchial and paratracheal nodes

Question 20

Enlargement of the lymph nodes at the base of the broncheal tree can compress the ______

Answer 20

recurent laryngeal nerve (vagus CN X)

Question 21

For the lungs, sympathetic fibers originate from spinal levels ____ to _____

Answer 21

T1 to T5

Question 22

Preganglionic parasympathetics fibers for the lung are part of the _____

Answer 22

Vagus Nerve

Question 23

Afferent monitoring fibers for the lung are part of the _____

Answer 23

Vagus Nerve

Question 24

The vagus nerve exits the cranium through the ______ foramen

Answer 24

jugular

Question 25

The superior laryngeal nerve branches into the ______ and _____ branches

Answer 25

internal and external

Question 26

The organ of voice production is the _____

Answer 26

larynx

Question 27

The thyroid cartilage is connected to the cricoid cartilage by the ______ ligament, a great place to insert an emergency tracheal tube

Answer 27

cricothyroid ligament

Question 28

A symmetric pair of small three-sided pyramids which form part of the larynx, to which the vocal folds (vocal cords) are attached

Answer 28

arytenoid cartilage

Question 29

The opening between the true vocal cords and the arytenoid cartilages

Answer 29

rima glottidis

Question 30

Involved in speech, pear shaped, a common place for food to become trapped, bounded medially by the aryepiglottic fold, laterally by the thyroid cartilage and thyrohyoid membrane

Answer 30

piriform recess

Question 31

A flap that is made of elastic cartilage tissue covered with a mucous membrane, attached to the entrance of the larynx

Answer 31

epiglottis

Question 32

Abduction of the vocal cords is done by one muscle, the ______

Answer 32

posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

Question 33

connected to the styloid process, draws the hyoid bone backwards and elevate the tongue, innervated by CN VII

Answer 33

Stylohyoid muscle

Question 34

ALL muscles of the larynx are innervated by the ______ | except the cricothyroid muscle

Answer 34

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 35

The first branch of the external carotid artery is the ______

Answer 35

superior thyroid artery

Question 36

Name the eight branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 36

``` S: superior thyroid artery A: ascending pharyngeal artery L: lingual artery F: facial artery O: occipital artery P: posterior auricular artery M: maxillary artery S: superficial temporal artery ```

Question 37

Creating an emergency airway into the trachea is called a _______

Answer 37

cricothyroidotomy

Question 38

Connects the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone, pierced by the superior laryngeal nerve and the superior laryngeal artery

Answer 38

thyrohyoid membrane

Question 39

The mesoderm of the pharyngeal clefts gives rise to ______

Answer 39

musculature

Question 40

The maxillary process and mandibular process both arise from arch #___

Answer 40

1

Question 41

The malleus and incus arise from _____ cartilage

Answer 41

Meckel's cartilage

Question 42

Arches 1 & 2 mostly give rise to ____ features while 3 & 4 _____ features

Answer 42

facial | neck

Question 43

Treacher Collins syndrome is frequently due to a mutation in the _____ gene

Answer 43

TCOF1

Question 44

The Eustachian tube and tympanic cavity arise from pharyngeal pouch #____

Answer 44

1

Question 45

The lymph of the thoracic duct drains into the _____

Answer 45

left subclavian vein

Question 46

The stapes bone of the ear and styloid process arise from arch ___

Answer 46

2

Question 47

Cartilage of the throat and neck arise from arches __ and __

Answer 47

4 and 6

Question 48

muscles of mastication come from arch __

Answer 48

1

Question 49

muscles of facial expression arise from arch __

Answer 49

2

Question 50

CN V, CN VII, CN IX and CN X arise from arches __, __, __ and __

Answer 50

1, 2, 3 and 4

Question 51

Pierre Robbins syndrome with a small lower jaw is a failure in arch __

Answer 51

1

Question 52

Branchial fistula results when the ____ arch fails to | completely cover the third and fourth arches

Answer 52

second

Question 53

The tonge develops from archs ___

Answer 53

1,2,3 and 4

Question 54

If the maxillary and medial nasal prominence fail to join, you will get a ____

Answer 54

cleft lip

Question 55

Tooth malformations: ______ ______ results | from defects in enamel secretion or mineralization

Answer 55

amelogenesis imperfecta

Question 56

The external laryngeal nerve has one type of fiber, motor to the _____

Answer 56

cricothyroid muscle

Question 57

Below the larynx, the vagus nerve only carries ____ and ____

Answer 57

special sensory and parasympathetic

Question 58

Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve can lead to ____

Answer 58

hoarseness

Question 59

The internal laryngeal nerve gains access to the inner larynx by piercing the _____ membrane

Answer 59

thyrohyoid membrane

Question 60

The four types of fibers in the recurrent laryngeal nerve are:

Answer 60

Special sensory preganglionic parasympathetic postgaglionic sympathetic motor

Question 61

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscles _____ the vocal folds and are innervated by _______.

Answer 61

abduct, recurrent laryngeal

Question 62

Cricothyroid muscles _____ the vocal folds and are innervated by _______.

Answer 62

adduct, external laryngeal

Question 63

Thyroarytenoid muscle aids in the closure of ____ and is innervated by the ________

Answer 63

rima glottidis, recurrent laryngeal

Question 64

Vocalis muscles aid in ______

Answer 64

rise in vocal pitch

Question 65

The superior laryngeal artery and internal laryngeal nerve enter the larynx through what?

Answer 65

thyrohyoid membrane

Question 66

The inferior laryngeal artery and recurrent laryngeal nerve enter the larynx through what?

Answer 66

cricothyroid articulation

Question 67

Injury to the internal laryngeal nerve causes

Answer 67

absence of a cough reflex

Question 68

Injury to the external laryngeal nerve causes

Answer 68

low-pitched/monotonous voice

Question 69

Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 69

difficulty breathing and speaking - common injury during surgery

Question 70

The inferior laryngeal nerve contains ____ fibers for the muscles of adduction

Answer 70

motor

Question 71

The posterior pallet forms by fusion of the _____ shelves

Answer 71

palantine