Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EOM 1 - Test 2 > Green - Nucleus > Flashcards

Green - Nucleus Flashcards

1
Q

What structure is continuous with E.R. and separates nuclear content from cytoplasm?

A

Nuclear Envelope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the role of nuclear lamina?

A

Cytoskeletal support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What controls traffic between nucleus and cytoplasm?

A

Nuclear pores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does ribosomal RNA transcription processing occur?

A

Nucleolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chromatin

A

Genetic material–DNA and associated proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the functions of the nuclear lamina? What is it made of?

A
  1. Structural support to nucleus 2. Binds chromatin and other nuclear proteins Made up of class of I.F.’s – lamins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three lamin proteins?

A

Lamin A/C

Lamin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is special about Lamin A and C?

How are they regulated?

A

Alternatively spliced products of a single gene

Developmentally regulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is Lamin B expressed?

What attaches the protein to the inner nuclear membrane?

What is its role?

A

All cells

Isoprenyl Group

Bind inner nuclear membrane proteins, such as emerin and lamin B receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is Lamin A modified?

What does this do?

A

Farnesyl group added

Modification attaches protein to nuclear membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

LINC Complex

What cytoskeleton protein does it attach to? What does this depend on?

What does it play a role in?

A

Connects nuclear lamina with cytoskeleton

Can be any cytoskeleton protein, depends on function of the interaction

Plays a role in nuclear migration, nuclear integrity, chromosome movement during cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What must you do to lamins to get them attached to the nuclear lamina?

A

Must modify them by farnesylation of a Cys residue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What effect does size have on migration of molecules via a Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC)?

A

Small molecules diffuse freely, large molecules (protein/RNA) require mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the structure of a Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC)?

What is role of Y-Complex?

What is role of FG-Nucleoporins?

A

Made of nucleoporins in a basket-like structure.

Y-Complex forms basic scaffold

FG-nucleoporins line the central channel, forming semi-permeable channel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do transported molecules require in a NPC?

A

Transported molcules require a Nuclear Localization Signal (NLS) or Nuclear Export Signal (NES)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nuclear Localization Signal (NLS)

What does blocking this provide?

A

Has basic AA sequence, binds with importin so cargo can be carried into the nucleus.

Blocking provides a point of regulation

17
Q

Nuclear Export Signal (NES)

A

Has leucine rich AA sequence, binds to exportin, to cargo can be carried out of the nucleus

18
Q

What lines the channel of NPCs?

A

Hydrophobic FG-repeats

19
Q

Role of Ran

A

Binds either GTP or GDP, hydrolyzes GTP to GDP

20
Q

Role of Ran Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF)

Where is it found?

A

Exchanges GDP for GTP in Ran

Found in the nucleus

21
Q

What is the role of Ran GTPase Activating Protein (GAP)?

Where is it found?

A

Facilitates hydrolysis of GTP

Found in cytoplasm

22
Q

Role or Importin and Exportin?

A

Importin - Binds to protein imported into nucleus

Exportin - Binds to protein exported from nucleus

23
Q

When moving proteins out/in from nucleus, what removes the cargo?

A

Ran-GTP

24
Q

What binds with mRNA-protein complexes (mRNPs) for transport out of the nucleus?

A

NXF1/NXT1

25
Q

What removes NXF1/NXT1 from the mRNPs?

What does it require?

What is the fate of these molecules once removed?

A

Dbp5, requires ATP

Recycled into the nucleus via Ran-dependent import process

26
Q

GAP

A

Kicks cargo off via hydrolysis of GTP to GDP

27
Q

Emery Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy

A

Defect in emerin and Lamin A/C

28
Q

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria

A

Premature Aging, defect in Lamin A/C

Single base mutation activates mRNA splice site–lamin protein too short and farnesyl group stays attached

29
Q

What prevents the mRNA from reentering the nucleus?

A

Loss of NXF1 and NXT1

30
Q
A

EOM 1 - Test 2 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions