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Additional GRE Psych Subject Info > GRE Diagnostic Test 2 study cards > Flashcards

GRE Diagnostic Test 2 study cards Flashcards

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1
Q

Change Blindness is most likely to occur during…

A

saccadic eye movement when person moves both eyes from one point of fixation to the next

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2
Q

The majority of individuals with color deficiency….

A

are male dichromats. Faulty genes in long or medium photopigment

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3
Q

Motion parallax

A

monocular depth cue in which we view objects that are closer to us and moving faster than objects that are further away from us

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4
Q

To measure brain activity while reading which technology is best?

A

FMRI

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5
Q

Cortisol is secreted by

A

the adrenal glands. It is a glucocorticoid associated with waking stress

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6
Q

Jessica’s grandma has a stroke. Damage s to the third frontal convolution on the left hemisphere, just above the lateral of Sylvian fissure and adjacent tot he primary motor cortex. What brain area is this and what is the effect?

A

Stroke corresponds to Broca’s are. Damage to Broca’s area tends to leave comprehension in tact while impairing speech production

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7
Q

What does a dopaminergic antagonist do?

A

Decrease the storage of dopamine vesicles. As an agonist it inhibits the activity of dopamine system.

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8
Q

1 Are Fragile X, Sickle Cell Anemia, and PKU heritable?

2 Are Down Syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, and turner syndrome heritable?

A

1 Yes

2 No; these are the result from meiosis errors due to parental age

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9
Q

Chemotherapy agents are ineffective in brain tumor treatment. Why?

A

Brain is protected from circulating toxins by the blood-brain barrier, formed by astrocytes.

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10
Q

1 Nasal Hemiretinas

2 temporal hemiretinas

A

1 Are nearest to the nose

2 form the lateral half of he retina (toward the temporal lobes).

Images to the left of the center, assuming the eyes are focused on a point directly ahea, will be processed by the visual cortex in the right hemisphere

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11
Q

Damage to orbitofrontal cortex will :

A

have deficits in impulse control and delayed gratification., make poor decisions

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12
Q

Prenatal testosterone

A

plays a signifcant role in the lateralization of language functions and handedness in humans. This is an ORGANIZATIONAL HORMONE

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13
Q

Tradition antipsychotic medications such as phenothiazines act by…

A

blocking dopamine receptors

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14
Q

Medulla

A

This section of the brain helps transfer messages to the spinal cord and the thalamus in the brain from the body and controls breathing, heart function, blood vessel function, digestion, sneezing, and swallowing. Sensory and motor neurons from the forebrain and midbrain travel through the medulla.

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15
Q

Oxytocin

A

mating and parenting behavior

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16
Q

Substance P

A

acting as a neurotransmitter and as a neuromodulator.

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17
Q

ERPs

A

Can indicate whether sounds are being processed normally by the brain

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18
Q

Balance can be affected by damage to the

A

Vestibular system of the inner ear are important for balance

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19
Q

_____ hand is controlled by the ____ hemisphere according to study by Sperry & Gazzaniga. It is a mistake to thing the _______ hemisphere processes no language at all.

A

left hand; right hemisphere; right

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20
Q

Sympathetic System

A

The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which is responsible for helping to regulate a variety of body functions, including heart rate, breathing, sweating, and digestion. INCREASE; CONTRAST TO PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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21
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

The part of the involuntary nervous system that serves to SLOW the heart rate, increase intestinal and glandular activity, and relax the sphincter muscles.

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22
Q

In Multiple Sclerosis, the immune system…

A

attacks the oligodendrocytes that form myelin in the central nervous system

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23
Q

If a recording of the current across a neural membrane changes from -70 mV to -80 mV…

A

the cells has become HYPERPOLARIZED, and is probably in the refractory period

24
Q

Polarization refers to….

A

being apart, so a change from -70mV to -80 mV represents an increase in polarization. Following an action potential, a cell membrane is usually hyperpolarized due to the relatively slow closure of potassium channels. because it takes much more input to depolaizr the cell from -80mV to threshold than it does to depolarize the cell from -70mV to threshold, this represents a long refractory period. The cell is capable of firing again as soon as the sodium channels are reset by a return to a negative recording, but because of the distance to threshold, more than the usual input is needed to fire.

25
Q

Amphetamines act by…

A

ENHANCING the release of DOPAMINE from the axon terminal

26
Q

Benzodiazepines (tranquilizers) and barbiturates should not be combined with drugs and alcohol because…

A

all three drugs are agonists for the inhibitory neurochemical GABA. THis can lead to reduced brain functioning and death

27
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

mental condition in which a person has blindness, paralysis, or other nervous system (neurologic) symptoms that cannot be explained by medical evaluation.

28
Q

Emotion disclosure

A

is recommended for psychological AND physiological trauma for all to help HEALING

29
Q

Avolition

A

Avolition, as a symptom of various forms of psychopathology, is the decrease in the motivation to initiate and perform self-directed purposeful activities.

30
Q

People with schizophrenia show decreased activity in this part of the brain…

A

frontal lobes

31
Q

These neurochemicals may be associated with strange behavior in schizophrenia patients…

A

DOPAMINE AGONISTS can produce psychosis and DOPAMINE ANTAGONISTS reduce psychosis for most patients.

Phencycline (PCP) is a GLUTAMATE ANTAGONIST and produces a rather violent form of PSYCHOSIS that is nonetheless similar to schizophrenia

32
Q

How do the newer antipsychotic meds (clozapine) compare with traditional antipsychotics (phenothiazines)?

A

the never ones are more effective in treating neg symptoms

33
Q

MDD rates decrease over adult life span. True or False?

A

True

34
Q

People with untreated MDD show which abnormality in their sleep patterns?

A

They spend too much time in REM sleep. Serotonin suppresses sleep, since MDD persons have low levels of serotonin they have too much REM. SSRIs decrease REM.

35
Q

Tranquilizers such as Benzodiazepines and alcohol probably have their main anxiety-reducing effects by…

A

enhancing the inhibitory effects of GABA agonists

36
Q

People diagnosed with PTSD show which phsyical correlates?

A

smaller hippocampal volume

37
Q

Autism treatment:

A

small number of antipsychotics have been approved for use with severely impaired autistic children who engage in self-injurious behavior. Nonetheless, many physicians medicate childrenw ith austism with a whole host of off-label meds for anxiety, ADHD, etc

38
Q

Low reactivity in children ….

A

are bold and fearless. at risk for antisocial behavior

39
Q

Piaget’s class inclusion defined:

A

a child looking at 4 apples and 6 bananas understand there are more FRUITS than BANANAs.

40
Q

Erik Erickson and Piaget’s theories can be classified as

A

discontinous theories because the stage changes are so abrupt

41
Q

Babinski Reflex

A

neonatal reflex causes baby’s toes to spread out in response to stroking the bottom of the foot

42
Q

The nervous system developes from which germ layer of the embryo

A

ectoderm (this also gives rise to skin)

43
Q

Selective attention

A

reaches adult levels in elementary school, comparable to adult levels

44
Q

Myers-Briggs is based on

A

Jung’s personality type-work.

45
Q

Allport’s cardinal Traits

A

are rare and truly dominate a person’s life

46
Q

Horney

A

attempted to modify Freud’s theories from a female perspective. She is mentioned frequently in gender study courses

47
Q

Carl Roger’s sense of congruence

A

the sense of similarity between the real and ideal selves

48
Q

Extroversion

A

has been identified across the Animal Kingdom: Think SHY emili dickinson and Lucretia McEvil

49
Q

What did Sherif’s classic Robbers Cave experiment show?

A

Experiment with young boys at summer camp both intitated prejudice between arbitrary groups of campers and then decreased prejudice by bringing the boys together to solve MUTUAL problems such as a break in the camps’ water supply

50
Q

Relational Self

A

We modify our behavior somewhat based on the people with whom we’re interaction

51
Q

According to terror management theory, reminding people of their own mortality

A

enhances their self-esteem.

52
Q

Prejudices are _______; stereotypes are ______, and discrimination is a ______________

A

attitudes, cognitions, behavior

53
Q

Functionalism as described by WILLIAMS JAMES viewed behavior as _______________. This idea extended __________’s emphasis on the goals of survival and reproductive success.

A

purposeful; Darwin

54
Q

Controversal status in a sociometric study indicates that

A

child receives many DISLIKED NOMINATIONS, but she is liked by the MOST POPULAR children in the class.

55
Q

Quasi-experimental research

A

Quasi-experimental research shares similarities with the traditional experimental design or randomized controlled trial, but they specifically lack the element of random assignment to treatment or control.

56
Q

Cronbach’s alpha measures

A

internal consistency. .70 is acceptable

57
Q

Animal research in psychology

A

makes up a very small percentage (7-8%) of published studies in psych journals

Additional GRE Psych Subject Info (5 decks)

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