Graphic Types And Techniques Flashcards
What is a preliminary graphic?
They are the first images produced for a design and are used to communicate ideas and try out different layouts etc.
They are rough sketches.
Freehand sketches
Manual illustrations
Thumbnails
They are created by designers, architects and model makers.
What is a production graphic?
They are detailed drawings and technical illustrations which show key information to allow manufacturers to assembly a product. They conform to British standards. They also include a title block with any relevant information.
Examples are orthographic drawings, sections, and exploded views.
They can be used in location plans, site plans, floor plans and sections.
They are created by designers and architects.
They can be used for interior design and construction.
What is a promotional graphic?
They are designed to be eye catching and attention grabbing. They aim to generate interest in a product or company and often include images and text. They are laid out well.
Examples are advertisements like magazines or posters.
They are created by graphics designers and illustrators.
What is a manual technique and what are the advantages/disadvantages?
They include sketches and drawings. They are created by hand and hand held tools.
ADVANTAGES
Equipment is inexpensive
Not prone to computer hacking
Quick way of developing ideas
DISADVANTAGES
Modification can be difficult
Lots of physical storage space is needed
Slower to produce
What is a digital technique and what are the advantages/disadvantages?
They are created using technology such as digital sketching or computer aided design.
ADVANTAGES
(DTP) Many DTP packages come with a variety of templates and P predesigned elements which make it easy to create professional looking designs.
(DTP) Designs can be easily and quickly sent over long distances fast which allows for remote working.
(CAD) Designers can quickly make changes to designs without having to start from scratch.
DISADVANTAGES
DTP and CAD software can be expensive, especially for professional grade programmes.
Requires training to use which can be time consuming and expensive.
Computers can crash and power cuts can happen which can result in a loss of work.
Manual and digital distribution of graphics (advantages for consumers, online advertisement and electronic displays)
BENEFITS OF DIGITAL GRAPHICS FOR CONSUMERS
They are easily accessible and can be viewed on a wide range of devices, and can also be read in the dark.
They are more cost effective than printing methods, as there is no need for materials such as paper and ink.
They are easier to use and can be manipulated with minimal technical skill. Can also use zoom in and out command.
BENEFITS TO COMPANIES WHEN ADVERTISING ONLINE
They can increase engagement with advertisements as you can use moving graphics.
The company can reach a wider audience as digital reaches more people rather than traditional advertising methods.
Online advertising is most cost effective than traditional methods, as it doesn’t require the production of physical materials.
BENEFITS TO ADVERTISERS WHEN USING ELECTRONIC DISPLAYS TO ADVERTISE
They are eye catching and can be seen from a far distance, meaning they can reach a larger audience.
These displays can be placed in high traffic areas such as airports which helps them reach a larger audience.
Scrolling screens can be added which allows more information to be shown.
How do you show the true shape of a surface?
You use an ancillary view to accurately depict a cut surface. This is beaches the partial cuts create a discrepancy between the actual a shape and what is shown in the other views.
What is interpretation and intersection?
When two solid forms meet at an angle. The intersection is where the two solids meet.
What is an Eloise and how do you measure it?
It is a squashed circular shape which has a major and minor axis, and are symmetrical over both axis.
What is a component drawing?
It provides detailed information of the form and dimensions of a singular part.
What is an assembly drawing?
They depict the assembly of multiple parts, showcasing overall dimensions, how parts fit, and the correct positioning.
What is an orthographic drawing?
They are used for communication between the designer and the manufacturer. It is a type orthographic production drawing in which all views are projected from the elevation and aligned from it.
What is the third angle projection symbol?
See flashcards
It is used to show the way that views are projected/laid out and the orientation of views. It will assist with the interpreting of the information given and the positioning.
How do you calculate internal tangency and external tangency?
See achieve and practice questions.
What is tangency?
When two areas meet at one point or where an arc and line meet at one point.
What is the true shape of an object?
It refers to the actual form and dimensions of a surface or object as seen when viewed directly. It is shown by creating an auxiliary view perpendicular at 90 degrees to the face.
What is the true length of an object?
Lengths of edges can be affected by foreshortening. (Same affect as true shape).
What is a surface development?
It is a net of a shape. It is where a 3D model is flattened so that it can be folded back into shape.
They are often drawn in like with the elevation and end elevation in order to orient sizes from these views.
What is a sectional view and what are the types?
They are views which show the inside of an object as if it had been cut along a plane. They are useful when showing interior/internal details which would be hard to see in the hidden detail on an ordinary orthographic view. The cutting plane is positioned at the location where the cut has been made.
Full sections - These sections cut through the full model in one line.
Stepped section - they can show multiple hidden details in one view by “stepping” the cutting plane.
Half section - these sections are often used on cylindrical objects to show half of the internal component. It is half of a full section - a quarter.
Revolved section - no cutting planes are used for revolved sections. The section is placed inside the part showing the cores section of the component which is rotated 90 degrees.
Removed sections - a cutting plane is used to show where the section has been made.
Cut away sections - removed one section to show the internal of a view.
What is an exploded view?
It can depict an assembled object with its individual parts seperated or exploded away from each other. They are often shown in isometric and the parts are offset along an axis to show the components relationship with each other and show them more clearly. It is a technical view which is commonly used in technical illustrations and produce manuals to show how objects fit together.
What is an oblique view?
They show the true front of an object. Breadths are taken back at 45^.
What is an isometric view.
They show a pictorial view projected at 30^ from an edge. They can eleminate the need for multiple views as all faces are drawn to true size. All lengths and breadths are projected back at 30^. All heights are projected vertically upwards.
What is a planometric?
The base is a true plan rotated at 30,45 or 60^ to the horizontal. All heights are projected vertically upwards.
Why is scaling useful?
It helps to ensure that the information contained within the drawing is easily readable and understandable which is important when the drawing is being used to convey information to others.
The scale must be appropriate for the paper size used. If the scale is too small, the details in the drawing may become too difficult to see.
Example - ordnance survey maps use a scale of 1:2500 or 1:50000
