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Computer - Aided Design Flashcards

1
Q

What is 2D CAD?

A

2D CAD drawings are a way to create technical drawings, plans, and illustrations using computer software. 2D CAD drawings create technical line drawings. They can be exported to 2D CAD manufacture machines such as laser cutters to produce models.

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2
Q

Advantages of 2D CAD

A

They can enable a designer to create prototypes quickly.

They can help identify flaws and minimise costly mistakes by providing a visual representation of the design before it it manufactured.

They are more straight forward than 3D modelling - fewer steps are required and no multiple components to assemble.

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3
Q

What is 3D CAD?

A

This allows designers to create accurate representations of complex models such as buildings.

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4
Q

What are advantages of 3D CAD?

A

3D CAD enablers designers to create accurate and lifelike representations of objects with greater efficiency and accuracy.

They decrease production costs and improves the product quality.

They can be imported into a CAD environment.

They can be simulated or animated.

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5
Q

Benefits of 3D CAD to manufacturers

A

Dimensions can be extracted from the CAD model without needing to produce the production drawings.

They don’t need a manufacturer to interpret complex production drawings.

They can be used to show how complex models are assembled.

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6
Q

Benefits of 3D CAD for advertising

A

Gives a realistic impression of what the final product will look like.

Can illustrate different materials, colours and texture.

3D models can be animated.

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7
Q

What is 3D CAD illustration?

A

It is the process of applying materials, highlights and shadows to a CAD model to make it look realistic.

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8
Q

Advantages of 3D CAD illustration?

A

Allows for the designer to apply materials, textures and light sources, shadows and reflections to a graphic to make it look more realistic. It can also be placed into an environment to give a better idea of the product.

3D CAD is easier to use than traditional illustration methods as it requires less artistic skills.

They enable greater accuracy in designs as it allows designers to make real time changes to an object as it is being designed.

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9
Q

3D CAD illustration for communication with clients.

A

Creates photo realistic images of how products/buildings will look.

Created a realistic representation of the materials used.

Product or building can be shown in its proposed environment.

Rendered CAD pictorials can be sent out to the client by email.

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10
Q

What is a component?

A

A single part

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11
Q

What is an assembly?

A

Multiple parts which are constrained together.

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12
Q

What is a sub assembly?

A

Parts that have already been assembled which are then put into a larger assembly.

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13
Q

What is a work plane?

A

A starting point for sketching.

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14
Q

What is a feature?

A

Extrude, revolve, shell etc…

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15
Q

What is a sketch?

A

Using 2D drawing tools to create a profile. (Sketching a profile)

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16
Q

What is a profile?

A

A 2D loop that can be used with a modelling feature such as extrude or revolve.

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17
Q

What is a face?

A

It’s the flat surface of a model.

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18
Q

What is the edge of a shape?

A

Where two surfaces meet.

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19
Q

What is a vertice?

A

A point where two or more edges meet.

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20
Q

What is a datum?

A

A point on the model.

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21
Q

What is suppress?

A

To temporarily remove a feature or sketch.

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22
Q

What is it to zoom?

A

Enlarged on screen viewer that are small so that the details appear bigger and are easier to work on.

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23
Q

What is orient?

A

Allows movement around a 3D object.

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24
Q

What is pan?

A

Allows movement left and right, and up and down but does not change the angle being viewed.

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25
What is to import?
It brings an object into your design from another source.
26
What is an export?
Removes an object from your designer into another source.
27
What is a 2D line?
Creates a line.
28
What is a 2D circle?
It is a shape with a centre point and a diameter.
29
What is an 2D ellipse?
An ellipse is an irregular oval shape. It is created by known the centre point, the major axis, and the minor axis.
30
What is a 2D arc?
An arc is part of a curve which is created with a centre point and radius, three points or a tangent.
31
What is a 2D rectangle?
Created with dimensions for length and breadth.
32
What is copy and paste?
It copies and positions duplicate objects without having to recreate them.
33
What is a linear array?
Repeats along one axis. The deletions and space between items are required.
34
What is box array?
Repeats along two axis. The repetitions and space between items are required.
35
What is a radial array?
Repeats a shape around an axis or along a PCD. The angle and amount of repetition is required.
36
What is the mirror tool?
Created a mirror image of an object.
37
What is scale?
Changes the size of an object.
38
What is a 2D fillet?
Used to add an arc at a vertex.
39
What is 2D chamfer?
Used to add a bevel to a vertex. This is ussually at 45^ but can be sent at other angles.
40
What is a trim?
Removes parts of lines or shapes that are not needed.
41
What does extend mean?
Adds to the length or existing lines or completed shapes.
42
What is an offset?
Used to create a larger or smaller version of a 2D shape.
43
What does it mean to project an edge?
Used to project an existing edge to a new sketch. This is particularly useful when top-down modelling.
44
What is extrude?
To pull a 2D shape into 3D form. It can be used to add or subtract material.
45
What is a revolve?
It is used to create cylindrical 3D solids. It is achieved by revolving a 2D sketch around a centre axis.
46
What is a loft?
It’s allows a solid to be made that connects two profiles on parallel planes.
47
What is a helix?
It created a spring shape. You set a centre axis, pitch and revolutions.
48
What is an extrude along a path?
The extrude along a path allows complex extrusions to be created along a set path.
49
What is it to add material?
Created material.
50
What does to subtract material mean?
Removed material from a solid.
51
What is an intersection between materials?
Keeps the material that occurs between a solid and the extrusion.
52
What is the shell command?
It is used to remove material from an inside object. You create a specific wall thickness and can be used to remove a face of the object.
53
What is the fillet command?
It rounds of the edge of an object to a specific radius.
54
What is the chamfer command?
It created a straight edge, normally at 45^ on the edge of an object. The size and angle can be edited.
55
What is mirror?
It allows 3D modelling to be copied over a plane.
56
What is the 2D linear constraint?
Length dimension.
57
What is the 2D radius constraint?
An arc dimension.
58
What is the 2D diameter constraint
Circle dimension.
59
What is a 2D perpendicular constraint?
To make lines at 90^ from one another.
60
What is a 2D parallel constraint?
Ensures lines are at the same angles.
61
What is a 2D fixed constraint?
Keeps a line or datum line locked in place.
62
What is a 2D tangent constraint?
Constrains a circle or an arc to another line or arc at one point.
63
What is a 2D concentric constraint?
Gives circles or arcs the same centre points.
64
What is a 3D mate constraint?
This allows for a face on one part to be stuck to the face on another part of an assembly.
65
What is a 3D align constraint?
It allows a face on one part to line up with the face on another part.
66
What is central axis align?
It is used with cylindrical items. It uses the centra axis of both parts to ensure they are alligned along them.
67
What is a 3D orientate constraint?
It allows parts to be assembled at an angle.
68
What is a 3D offset constraint?
It can be used with the mate and allign to set a specific distance between them.
69
What is a 3D tangent constraint?
They are used to assemble a curved component to touch another component at one point.
70
What is top down modelling and what are the benefits?
It is when parts of a product are built within an assembly. It is a method which allows the designer to control the design within one assembly document. Updates can be performed without needing to open all files, which will update the entire assembly. BENEFITS - allows sizes to be captured from another part, without measuring. - projected geometry/dimensions can ensure an exact fit between the components. - the change of one component will dynamically change the other components.
71
What is bottom up modelling and what are the benefits?
It is the method of modelling where components are modelled individually then assembled together using constraints. BENEFITS - components are modelled individually. - they can be inserted into an assembly to assemble using other constraints. - changed to a component are done by editing that component individually.
72
What is a modelling plan?
It is a detailed list of how to create a 3D CAD model.
73
What is a modelling tree?
It is a hierarchal list that shows how you have created your CAD model. It allows designed to edit sketcher, dimensions or other aspects of their model without having to start again. As these are hierarchal, it is important to ensure that models are created in an important order.
74
What is a pictorial view and what is an isometric and perspective view?
They are 3D views of an object. ISOMETRIC - accurate sizes where lines are projected back at 30^. PERSPECTIVE - allows models to appear with more realism.
75
What is an orthographic view?
They are two dimensional representations of three dimensional objects. They assist communications through designers and manufacturers. It allows ease of dimensioning, scales and other annotation. They are accurate drawings.
76
What is a CAD library?
They store common drawing parts such as screws, bolts and switches.
77
What are the benefits of a CAD library?
Reduced time required to model each component. Reduced chance of CAD technician making errors. Represents actual standard components. They can be used by CAD users worldwide.
78
What are stock models?
Models of CAD assemblies such as chairs, trains, computer game characters etc. they can be used for 3D printing, CAM or animation.
79
What are the key points of a dxf file format?
It is a 2D file type. It is a vector graphic so it can be scaled without losing quality. Many applications can open this file format as it is a commonly used file.
80
What are the key points of a 3ds file format?
It is a 3D file format. It is designed to facilitate easy model moving between CAD software. It only stores essential geometry, lighting and texture data.
81
What are the key points about a step file format?
It is a 3D file format. It can be opened in any 3D modelling packages. They allow the end user to make edits and changes if required.
82
What are the key points about an iges file format? (CHEVK ALL FILE FORMAT)
It’s a 3D file format interchangeable for step.
83
What do materials in CAD illustration do?
They endure the use to perceive the surface texture and look of the model. It enhances realism. You can capture the look of real materials and apply them to a model using a hand scanner..
84
What is a decal?
It is an image or graphic which is applied to a CAD model like a sticker or label and can increase the realism.
85
How can lights, highlights, reflections and shadows increase the realism of a CAD illustration?
They enhance realism.
86
What is advantages of a sited environment? (CHECK)
It means that a product can be placed in a related environment to provide the viewer with a sense of context. It can give a sense of scale.
87
What are the general advantages of CAD?
Easy to store and retrieve files and drawings. Easy to modify models and drawings. The CAD library reduced the need to redraw repetitive elements.
88
What are the general disadvantages of CAD?
High costs of both the hardware and specialist software to run the program. Time and cost of training staff how to use the software. Potential issues with security and hacking.
89
What are 3D CAD files types?
df - Converts the geometry of a 3D model into a 2d drawing. Is useful when laser cutting. 3ds - Can only be used using the AutoDesk inventor software. STEP/IGES - Neutral. they can be used in any 3D CAD package. This makes them useful when sharing files between other users. IGES are an older type of generic 3D CAD file formats. They don't have the same features and information stored in them such as the volume of an object. STEP files have taken these over. stl - converts a mathematical file of the 3D CAD model into triangles. This allows the CAD model to be physically produced using rapid prototyping or CAD/CAM techniques.
90
3D CAD views
Solid model: provides a realistic view of a CAD model. Any decals or colours can be added. They are poorer quality than a fully rendered final versions. Rendered models : they provide highly realistic views of 3D models which can be used in advertising. It will often be placed in a suitable environment to enhance the look of it. Shadows, highlights, reflections and textures are all added to create a realistic graphic. Wireframe : this can be useful when wanting to see the structure of the model. It can be more difficult to understand the shape in wireframe rather than solid objects, but it shows internal detail better. They can help the CAD user to build complex models and ensure all the parts fit together.

Graphics H (6 decks)

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