Grammar Unit 2 Flashcards
Descriptive adjective placement
Follow the noun
Inherent adjective location
Before the noun
Adjectives indicating number or amount location
Come before the noun
Adjectives that normally come before the noun
Ambos Otro Bastante Mejor Alguno/ninguno Poco Suficiente Peor Mucho Varios
Viejo placement and meaning change
After noun: old (age)
Before noun: old (long time)
Pobre placement and meaning change
After noun: poor (without money)
Before noun: unfortunate
Mismo placement and meaning change
After noun: himself
Before noun: the same
Grande placement and meaning change
After noun: big/large
Before noun: great
Nuevo placement and meaning change
After a noun: brand new
Before noun: new (different)
Cierto placement and meaning change
After noun: sure (beyond doubt)
Before noun: certain (particular)
Antiguo placement and meaning change
After noun; old/ ancient
Before noun: former
Único placement and meaning change
After noun: unique
Before noun: only
Semejante placement and meaning change
After noun: similar thing
Before noun: such a thing
Diferente placement and meaning change
After noun: different
Before noun: various
With two adjectives, the one you want to emphasize goes where?
Before the noun and the other follows the noun
Before a masculine singular noun, Bueno Malo Primero Tercero Alguno Ninguno All change to
Buen Mal Primer Tercer Algún Ningún
Cien placement
Used before all nouns
Grande and cualquiera change to ——- in front of masculine and feminine singular nouns
Gran
Cualquier
Before masculine singular names, Santo changes to ——
Except when names start with ——
Santo goes to San
Except when names start with Do- and To-
This/these, refers to something or someone near the speaker
Este
Esta
Estos
Esto
That/those, something or someone near the person addressed
Ese
Esa
Esos
Esas
That, something or someone far away
Aquel
Aquella
Aquellos
Aquellas
Demonstrative pronouns
This one, these
Something close to speaker
Present time
Éste, ésta, éstos, éstas
Demonstrative pronouns
That one, those
Near the person being addressed
Period relatively near
Ése, ésa, ésos, ésas
Demonstrative pronouns,
That one, those
Far away
Remote time
Aquél, aquélla, aquéllos, aquéllas
Neuter demonstrative pronouns, refer to ideas, concepts, or situations
Esto, eso, aquello
Short form possessive adjectives
Placed before noun
Mi, Mis Tu, tus Su, sus Nuestro/a/os/as Vuestro/a/os/as
Possessive adjectives long form
Placed after noun
Mío/a/os/as Tuyo /a/os/as Suyo /a/os/as Nuestro /a/os/as Vuestro /a/os/as Suyo /a/os/as
Possessive pronouns
El mío (mine) El tuyo (yours) El suyo (theirs, his) El nuestro (ours) El vuestro (yours) (El, la, /a/os/as)
Comparisons of equality
Tan adjective Como
Tanto/a/os/as
Comparisons of inequality
Más(menos) adjective que
To express than before numerals use ——
De
Más de
Menos diez
To express than before numerals in negative sentence, use
Que
Más que diez
Better than
Worse than
Older than
Younger than
Mejor que
Peor que
Mayor que
Menor que
The best of
The worst of
The oldest of
The youngest of
El/la mejor de
El/la peor de
El la mayor de
El la menor de
Superlative formation
El (la, Los, las) + más(menos) + adjective + de
Absolute superlative formation
Ísimo, ísima, ísimos, ísimas
Spelling changes for superlatives
C-qu
G-gu
Z-c
