grammar: nouns

Question 1

1. meaning:

Answer 1

meervoud

Question 2

1. form:

Answer 2

• general rule: singular noun + S (NO APOSTROPHE)
• noun ending in a hissing sound/ SOME ending in O: singular noun + ES
• singular noun ending in consonant + Y: Y → I + ES
• SOME nouns ending in FE → V + ES
• irregular plurals

Question 3

1.pronunciation:

Answer 3

• /s/: after a voiceless sound
• /z/: after a voiced sound
  -/iz/: after a hissing sound

Question 4

1.use:

Answer 4

• scissors: plural nouns (NO singular)
• police/people: plural meaning→ plural verb
• team/family: collective nouns
• The audience is applauding: singular → subject is regarded as a single, undivided unit
• The audience are now taking their seats: plural → subject is a collection of living things capable of acting separately
• The bunch of flowers was scattered of the floor: singular → a collection of things is treated as singular

Question 5

2. meaning:

Answer 5

telbaar/niet-telbaar zelfstandig naamwoord

Question 6

2. form:

Answer 6

• countable: a/an + singular → a toddler
  :plural → 4 toddlers
• uncountable: no indefinite article, no plural, singular verb → SOME rice

Question 7

2u. intensifying adverbs= SUCH-SUCH A:

Answer 7

• such a liar: such a + singular noun (countable)
• such ugly shoes: such + plural noun (countable)
• such good news: such + uncountable noun

Question 8

2. use:

Answer 8

How to indicate a quantity with uncountable= news → a news item:
- a loaf of bread: 2 leaves of bread
- a piece of advice: some advice
- a news item: a piece of advice
- a bar of chocolate
- a lump of sugar → lump: piece of sth solid without any particular shape
- a blade of grass
- a speck of dust → speck: tiny piece of powder
- a grain of rice
- a slice of cake → slice: a thin/ flat piece
- a chuck of land → chuck: thick, solid piece
- a fragment of a story → fragment: a very small piece of sth that is broken or damaged
- a drop of water → drop: used with liquids
- a pinch of salt → pinch: what you can hold between thumb and finger
- a portion of chicken → portion: enough for one person

Question 9

2u. intensifying adverb= SO:

Answer 9

• she’s so lonely: so + adjective
• he works so hard: so + adverb
• I’ve got so little time left: so + quantifier (is a word used to talk about quantities, amounts, or degree)

Question 10

3. meaning:

Answer 10

• genitive: way the word changes, sharing a relationship with other words in a sentence
• possessive: expresses possession

Question 11

3. form:

Answer 11

• noun + ‘S:
  
  • singular nouns
  • plural nouns NOT ending in S
  • names in S/ NOT in S
• noun + ‘:
  
  • plural nouns in S
    -classical/biblical names in S
  • names in S

Question 12

3. pronunciation:

Answer 12

• /s/: a voiceless sound (plural of nouns)
• /z/: a voiced sound
• /iz/: a hissing sound

Question 13

3. use:

Answer 13

• possessions, relationships, characteristics:
  
  • talk about people, animals, countries
  • things were use ‘of structure’
• shops, places, churches, expression of time:
  
  • other specific expressions →
  • without: no determiner + number + genitive + noun
    -a + number + hyphen + singular noun + noun

Question 14

3. adjectives & pronouns:

Answer 14

°ADJECTIVES (characteristics):
- my, you, it/his/her, our, you, their
°PRONOUNS (animals, persons, things):
- mine, yours, his/hers/its, ours, yours, theirs