Grammar - Lexicology Flashcards
Nouns
A word that represents a person, thing, concept, or place.
Auxiliary Verbs
Minor verbs that support the sentence’s main verb to communicate complex grammar concepts like aspects of time or modality.
Pronouns
A word that can replace a noun in a sentence.
Verbs
A word that indicates a physical action, a mental action, or a state of being.
Adjectives
A word that modifies or describes a noun or pronoun.
Modal Verbs
Used along with a main verb to express possibility, ability, permission, or necessity.
Adverbs
A word that can modify or describe a verb, adjective, another adverb, or entire sentence.
Prepositions
A word or group of words used before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show direction, time, place, location, spatial relationships, or to introduce an object.
Coordinators
Joins two words, two phrases, or two clauses.
Conjunctions
A word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause.
Subordinators
A word or phrase that links a dependent clause to an independent clause.
Determiners
A word that modifies, describes, or introduces a noun.
Interjections
A word or phrase used to express a feeling or to request or demand something.
Function Words
Words that exist to contribute to the structure of a sentence rather than the meaning.
Content Words
Words that possess semantic content and contribute to the meaning of the sentence in which they occur.
Neologism
A newly developed or coined word which has started to fall into mainstream usage.
Borrowings
A word or an idea that someone has taken from another language or from another person’s work and is used in their own language or work.
Commonisation
Occurs when something that was previously a name, loses its capital letter and becomes a common, household word.
Nominalisation
A type of word formation in which verb or an adjective (or another part of speech) is used as (or transformed into) a noun.
Obsolescence
The process by which a language ceases to be actively used and is abandoned by its native speakers in favour of another language or languages.
Archaism
The use of writing that is today considered outdated or old fashioned.
