Grammar 4

Question 1

What are the three aspects according to which verbs are conjugated in Sanskrit?

Answer 1

Tense, person, and number.

Examples include viharati (he dwells) for present tense and viharati sma (he dwelled) for past tense.

Question 2

What must adjectives agree with in Sanskrit?

Answer 2

Nouns they describe in gender, number, and case.

Examples include mahādhana (great wealth) and mahābhoga (great enjoyments).

Question 3

What are Tatpurusha compounds used for in Sanskrit?

Answer 3

To form descriptive phrases.

Examples include Vaiśravaṇa-dhanam (the wealth of Vaiśravaṇa) and kalatram (wife).

Question 4

How do pronouns change in Sanskrit?

Answer 4

They change according to gender, number, and case.

Examples include sa (he), sā (she), and te (they).

Question 5

What is the purpose of participles in Sanskrit?

Answer 5

To express actions in relation to other actions.

Examples include krīḍato (while playing) and ramamāṇasya (enjoying).

Question 6

What do verb prefixes do in Sanskrit?

Answer 6

Change the meaning of verbs.

Examples include sam- in samupārjita (accumulated) and upa- in upasampada (full ordination).

Question 7

What is the difference between direct and indirect speech in Sanskrit?

Answer 7

Indirect speech reports what others have said, while direct speech quotes exact words.

Examples: Indirect - tasyārocitam; Direct - jñātaya ūcur.

Question 8

What is the typical word order in Sanskrit sentences?

Answer 8

The verb appears at the end of the sentence.

Example: bhagavān śrāvastyāṃ viharati sma (The Lord dwelled in Sravasti).