Grammar 1 Flashcards
What is the basis for verb conjugation?
Verbs are conjugated based on the subject and tense.
What is the present tense, third person singular form of ‘dwells’ in Sanskrit?
viharati
How is the past tense of ‘dwelt’ expressed in Sanskrit?
viharati sma
What case is used for the subject of a sentence?
Nominative case
Which case is used for the direct object?
Accusative case
What does the instrumental case indicate?
Means or agent of action
Provide an example of a noun in the instrumental case.
saṃvṛttā
What is the purpose of the genitive case?
Indicates possession or relationships
Provide examples of nouns in the genitive case.
bhavān and tasya
What does the ablative case express?
Source or cause of an action
Give an example of a noun in the ablative case.
tasmāt
What must adjectives do in relation to nouns?
Agree with nouns in gender, number, and case
Provide an example of an adjective that agrees with a noun.
sādṛśāt and kalatram
What do participles indicate?
Actions happening at the same time as the main verb
Provide examples of participles.
krīḍato and ramamāṇasya
How do pronouns change in Sanskrit?
They change according to gender, number, and case.
Provide examples of pronouns in Sanskrit.
sa, tasya, and tad
What type of compounds does Sanskrit use to express complex ideas?
tatpurusha compounds
Give an example of a tatpurusha compound.
vaiśravaṇa-dhana
What are bahuvrihi compounds used for?
Describe qualities or features of a subject.
Provide an example of a bahuvrihi compound.
maṇḍanaparamā
What is the role of verb prefixes?
Change the meaning of the verb.
Provide examples of verbs with prefixes.
upasampanna and vyapadiśeti
What is the function of indirect speech?
Reports what another person has said.
Provide an example of indirect speech.
tasyārocitam
