Gram -ve cocci- Neisseria gonorrheae

Question 1

Neisseria cocci is :

Answer 1

Gram-ve cocci (pathogenic)

Question 2

Types of Neisseria

Answer 2

Neisseria gonorrhoea
Neisseria meningitidis
Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 3

Gram -ve cocci is often arranged

Answer 3

in pairs aka Diplococci

Question 4

General characteristics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae:

Answer 4

1. Non-motile
   2.Non- spore forming
2. Oxidase +ve
3. Most catalase +ve
4. Aerobic, but grow better with low CO2 concentration and susceptible to cool temperatures, drying and fatty acids

Question 5

Neisseria gonorrhoeae structure:

Answer 5

1. pili
2. outer membrane:
   * Lipopolysaccharide
   * proteins
   * phospholipids

Question 6

Epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrheae

Answer 6

1. Not a part of normal human flora
2. Common source of infection in humans
   3.Transmitted by sexual contact or from an infected mother during birth

Question 7

Most common sites of inoculation neisseria gonorrheae

Answer 7

1. Cervix (vagina) in females
2. Urethra (penis) in men

Question 8

Clinical presentation of Neisseria gonorrheae in males

Answer 8

Urethritis :
1. mostly acute in men
2. dysuria
3. purulent discharge
4. Symptomatic

Question 9

Clinical presentation of Neisseria gonorrheae in females

Answer 9

Cervicitis:
1.mild pain
2. mostly asymptomatic
3. dysuria
4.discharge
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease:
1.ectopic pregnancy
2. Infertility
Disseminated gonoccal Infection:
1.bacteremia

Question 10

Laboratory Diagnosis for neisseria gonorrheae

Answer 10

1. Specimens :
   *Cervical swab
   *blood
   *urethral discharge
   2.should be processed immediatly
   3.do not expose to high temp. or dry conditions

Question 11

Laboratory testing for neisseria gonorrheae:

Answer 11

1. gram stain:
   *Gram -ve cocci inside polymorphnuclear leukocytes
2. culture:
   *Thayer-Martin media (TM)
   * Modified Thayer-Martin Media (MTM)
   *Martin Lewis medium(ML)

Question 12

Incubation conditions for neisseria gonorrheae

Answer 12

1. prewarm the media
2. incubate at temp of 35 to 37 C
3. Co2 enriched ex candle jar (5-7%)
   4.Humid atmosphere

Question 13

Biochemical tests for neisseria gonorrheae

Answer 13

1. Glucose fermentation +ve
2. Oxidase +ve
3. Nitrate reduction-ve

Question 14

Antimicrobial Susceptibility tests for neisseria gonorrheae

Answer 14

1. Resistance to penicillin is common
2. Treatment with ceftriaxone