GRAM POSITIVE COCCI

Question 1

Gram Positive Cocci (3)

Gram Positive Bacilli (5)

Answer 1

Gram Positive Cocci (3)
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Micrococci

Gram Positive Bacilli (5)
Bacillus
Corynebacterium
Actinomyces
Mycobacterium
Lactobacillus

Question 2

Gram Negative Cocci (3)

Gram Negative Bacilli (5)

Answer 2

Gram Negative Cocci (3)
Neisseria
Veilonella
Moraxella

Gram Negative Bacilli (5)
Enterobacteriaceae
Pseudomonas
Haemophilus
Brucella
Legionella

Question 3

CATALASE TEST:
1. aerobic & facultative anaerobic organisms produce two toxins during normal metabolism (2)
2. ______ is capable of converting _____ to water and oxygen
3. anaerobic hydrogen peroxide
4. aerobic hydrogen peroxide

RESULTS:
(+)
(-)

Answer 3

1. hydrogen peroxide & superoxide radical
2. catalase; hydrogen peroxide
3. 3% hydrogen peroxide
4. 15% hydrogen peroxide

RESULTS:
(+) Staphylococcus spp. & Micrococci
(-) Streptococcus spp.

Question 4

COAGULASE TEST:
_____ vs ______ & ______

1. bound to bacterial cell wall and reacts directly w/ fibrinogen
   - detects the
2. an extra cellular protein enzyme; it causes formation of clot when
   S.aureus colonies are incubated w/ plasma
   - detects the
   - activation of ______
   - to form _____: this complex in turn
   reacts w/ fibrinogen to produce the fibrin clot
3. reagent
4. slide method:
   - components (3)
5. tube method:
   - w/ plasma: ______ (___,____,____,)
   - mL of plasma

RESULTS:
Slide
(+)
(-)
Tube
(+)
(-)

Answer 4

staph vs micrococci & other cons (s.epidermidis & s.saprophyticus)

1. BOUND COAGULASE
   - CLUMPING FACTOR
2. UNBOUND COAGULASE
   - FREE COAGULASE
   - plasma coagulase-reacting factor
   - coagulase-CRF complex
3. rabbit plasma
4. slide method:
   - 3 drops of sample, plasma, distilled water
5. tube method:
   - 1:5 rabbit plasma(EDTA, citrated, oxalated)
   - 0.5mL

RESULTS:
Slide
(+) Staphylococcus aureus
(-) proceed to tube method
Tube
(+) Staphylococcus aureus
(-) Micrococci & Other Staphylococcus (CoNS)

Question 5

-
2 tests for other staphylococcus spp
-
-

Answer 5

2 tests to further confirm S.aureus
- DNAse TEST
- MANNITOL SALT AGAR (MSA) TEST
2 tests for other staphylococcus spp
- BACITRACIN SUSCEPTIBILITY
- NOVOBIOCIN SUSCEPTIBILITY

Question 6

DNASE TEST
- aka

1. used to differentiate organisms based on the production of _____
2. medium is pale green because of the ______
3. pH

RESULTS
(+)
(-)

MSA TEST
1. components (4)
-
-
- indicator
- inhibitor

RESULTS
(+)
(-)

Answer 6

DNASE TEST
- Deoxyribonucleic Acid Hydrolysis

1. deoxyribonuclease
2. DNA–methyl green complex
3. 7.5

RESULTS
(+) Staphylococcus aureus; Moraxella catarrhalis; Serratia marcescens
(-) medium remains green

MSA TEST
1.
- PEPTONE BASE
- 1% MANNITOL
- PHENOL RED
- 7.5% SODIUM CHLORIDE

RESULTS
(+) growth of colonies = S.aureus
(-) no growth = diff spp of Staoh

Question 7

BACITRACIN
1. aka
2. units
3. ____ vs ____
4. ZOI

RESULTS
(+)
(-)

NOVOBIOCIN
1. ug
2. _____ vs _____

RESULTS
(+)
(-)

Answer 7

BACITRACIN
1. TAXO A
2. 0.04 units
3. staph vs micrococci
4. 10mm

RESULTS
(+) ZOI greater than 10mm = Micrococci
(-) NO ZOI = Staphylococcus aureus & other CoNS

NOVOBIOCIN
1. 5ug
2. s.epidermidis vs s.saprophyticus

RESULTS
(+) Staphylococcus epidermidis
(-) Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Question 8

HEMOLYSIS
1. partial clearing/ hemolysis; incomplete hemolysis
- organisms (2)
2. complete clearing/ hemolysis; complete hemolysis
- organisms (2)
3. no clearing/ hemolysis
- organisms

Answer 8

1. ALPHA
   - Streptococcus pneumoniae, Viridans
2. BETA
   - Group A (Streptococcus pyogenes) & Group B Streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae)
3. GAMMA
   - Enterococci, Non Enterococci

Question 9

-
-
-
TESTS FOR ALPHA HEMOLYTIC
-
-
-
TESTS FOR GAMMA
-
-

Answer 9

TESTS FOR BETA HEMOLYTIC
- BACITRACIN
- PYR TEST
- CAMP TEST
- HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS
TESTS FOR ALPHA HEMOLYTIC
- OPTOCHIN
- BILE SOLUBILITY TEST
- BILE ESCULIN TEST
TESTS FOR GAMMA
- SALT TOLERANCE TEST
- PYR TESTN