Gram - Bacilli (Enteric) - Treatments Flashcards
Treatment for Escherichia coli?
No antibiotics (ESPECIALLY not for EHEC - can’t pump in fluids either due to weak kidneys)
Treatment generally hydration / supportive
Treatment for Salmonella enteriditis?
Hydration. Self-limiting in 2-5 days.
Treatment for Salmonella typhi?
Fluoroquinolones. There is a live, attenuated vaccine.
Treatment for Shigella?
Subsides in under a week; but dehydration can be deadly so be sure to hydrate
Treatment for Yersinia enterocolitica?
Ampicillin
also can use ceph III, SxT
Treatment for Enterobacteriaeceae?
- Klebsiella pneumoniae, oxytoca
- Klebsiella granulomatis
- Proteus mirabilis, vulgaris
- Serratia marcescens
Depends on antibiotic resistance profile of the strain (optimize treatment with tests)
- can use: ampicillin, ceph III, quinolones, sulfa, streptomycin
- *For uncomplicated UTI, NO fluoroquinolones.
- Use Bactrim (SxT), then fosfomycin (2nd choice)
Treatment for Vibrio cholerae?
Oral rehydration and electrolyte replacement
- Doxycycline can reduce # vibrios shed (azithromycin if pregnant)
The vaccine is pretty sucky and only works ~ 6 mo.
Treatment for Vibrio parahemolyticus?
Rehydration and electrolyte replacement, doxycycline if necessary
Treatment for Vibrio vulnificus?
Doxycycline, like ASAP (ciprofloxacin for pregnant folks)
Be fast! If you wait for a culture, it’s too late…
Treatment for Campylobacter jejuni?
- Rehydration therapy
- If systemic: tetracycline, quinolones, or clarithromycin
Treatment for Campylobacter fetus?
cooler temps; rarely diarrhea; system infection; from undercooked beef
Tetracyclines, macrolides, quinolones
Treatment for Helicobacter pylori?
- Bismuth subsalicylate (ulcer treatment)
- Tetracyline OR macrolide + metronidazole
- PPI (for acid)
Treatment for Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
Avoid monotherapy!
Ciprofloxacin + aztreonam
Gentamycin + ticarcillin or carbenicillin if severe
* meropenem + levofloxacin might prevent development of resistance
Treatment for Bacteroides (gut) and Prevotella (oral)?
Metronidazole and clindamycin
2nd line: ceph II and III, carbapenems
Treatment for anaerobes, in general?
Penicillin G (NOT Bacteroides or Prevotella)
