Gradual loss of vision Flashcards
What is cataracts
clouding of the lens
What is the cause of cataracts
age congenital trauma (surgery) diabetes steroids
what does someone with cataracts present with
gradual onset of vision loss
blurring/hazy
may get glare
loss of red reflex
What is the treatment for cataracts
surgical removal and intra-ocular implant - only if the patient is symptomatic - phacoemulsification
What do you see in dry ARMD
gradual vision loss
central vision missing (scotoma)
What are the signs of dry ARMD
Drusens = build up of waste below retina pigmented epithelium
atrophic patches of retina
What is the treatment for dry ARMD
no cure
supportive with vision aids - e.g. magnifiers
What is myopia
short sightedness
What is hypermetropia
long-sightedness
What is astigmatism
abnormal corneal curvature
e.g. rugby pall shape
What is presbyopia
age related loss of accommodation
what is the treatment for refractive error
glasses
What is open angled glaucoma
resistance to outflow of aqueous humour in the trabecular meshwork
What are the sign of open angled glaucoma
cupped disc
visual field defect
may/may not have IOP
What is the treatment for open angled glaucoma
latanoprost - prostaglandin analogue/ CA inhibitor/B blocker
if drops contra-indicated or not working - laser trabeculoplasty
