Grade 6 Orchestra Sections Flashcards
List the string instruments and there clefs
- violin (treble clef)
- viola (alto clef)
- cello (bass clef, also tenor/treble clefs for high pitched sections)
- double bass (bass clef, sounds an octave lower than written)
List the open string notes of all string section instruments
What is the symbol for “use an open string”
What do these means and what family do they refer to
Sul A
Pizzicanto
Arco
Una Corda
Due/Double Corde
Tre Corde
Divis/Div
Unison
String Family
Use the A string
Pluck the string
Use the bow as normal
1 string single note
2 strings chord with two notes
3 strings chord with 3 notes
Instrumental section divided into 2 parts
Instrumetal section plays all together
Write out symbols for down bow an up bow
Name the french and german names for the Viola
Alto and Bratsche
What is a standard woodwind section
2 flutes
2 oboes
2 clarinets (Bb or A)
2 bassoons
What extra instruments are used in an extended woodwind section
Piccolo
Cor Anglais
Eb clarinet
Bass clarinet
Double bassoon (or contrabassoon)
What do these directions mean and what family are they for
“a2” or “zu”
“solo” or “I” or “II” (etc.)
Stems up
Stems down
Double Stem semibreve (whole note
Woodwind
“a2” or “zu” means “both players”
“solo” or “I” or “II” (etc.) means one player
Stems up = first player
Stems down = second player
Double semibreve (whole note) means one per part
List double and single reed instruments and there transpositions
Double reed
- Oboe - Non Transposing
- Bassoon - Non Transposing
- Cor Anglais - Transposes Down to F (P5)
Single reeds
- Clarinets of all sizes - Transposing Down to Bb, A and up to Eb
What is a
Hotbois
Fagotto/Fagot
Kleine Flote
Oboe
Bassoon
Piccolo
What woodwind instruments indicate that a piece is from the romatic era or later
Piccollo
Cor Anglais
Eb Clarinet
Bass Clarinet
Double Basoon
Write a full woodwind section from high to low
piccolo,
flute,
oboe,
English horn,
clarinet,
E-flat clarinet,
bass clarinet,
bassoon
contrabassoon.
Name the standard brass section
Trumpet
Trombone
French Horn
Tuba
Name the brass setup for classical era
2 trumpets and 2 french horns
Name the brass setup for romatic era
4 trumpets, 2 trombones, 4 horns,, 2 tubas
Name the clefs of the Brass section basic setup
Trumpet Bb - Treble
French Horn F - Treble (and Bass)
Trombone - Bass (and tenor and Treble)
Tuba - Bass
What key will each basic brass instrument noramlly be in?
Trumpet - Bb
French Horn - F
Trombone - Non Transposing
Tuba - Non Transposing
BUT WATCH OUT FOR SUPRISES AS BRASS PARTS SOMETIMES HAVE NO KEY WRITTEN
Name these instruments
Tromba
Cor/Corno
Posaune
Trumpet
French Horn
Trombone
Which Brass instrument often doubles up the woodwind section?
French Horn
What compoers are famous for using horns and what era are they from?
Mahler and Bruckner
Romantic Era
What are the 3 things to remember about the ranges of intruments in orchestra?
- The string notes are for the lowest open string note.
- The pitches are written pitch so transposing instruments will be different for concert pitch.
- The note ranges are for advanced players, virtuso could possibly go higher but the lowest note is defined by the instrument.
What do the below symbols mean?
8va
15ma
8vb
8va - Octave higher than written
15ma - 2 Octaves highers than written
8vb - Octave lower than written
List the note ranges of the main string section
List the note ranges of the main woodwind section
List the note ranges of the main Brass section
What instrument is the Contrebass, Contrabasso, Kontrabass?
Double Bass String section down and octave from written
What instrument is the Kleine Flote and what other name do i need to look out for?
Picollo, Petite Flute could also be tricky?
What instrument is a Corni?
Horn
What is the layout from top to bottom of orchestra instruments on a score?
- Woodwind
- Brass
- Perc
- Harp
- Piano
- Strings
What is a Piatta?
Cymbal
What is a Gran Cassa?
Bass Drum
What is a Pauken?
Timpani/Kettle Drum
What does a string quartet consist off?
Violin 1, Violin 2, Viola, Cello
What does this mean?
Violas split into 3 groups
What does this mean?
All p-layers play the same part
What does tuttie mean?
Tutti means all play togther
What does + symbol mean?
How would you write and describe this?
Repeated, measured (semiquavers)
What does Ossia mean?
It means “or” and is usually used when there is an alternative passage to play
WHat is a pedal that uses the tonic and the dominant at the same time called?
Double pedal
WHat does loco mean?
In place or at the normal pitch, usually founbd after an octave marking
What does this mean on string instruments?
What is this?
What is a glissando?
A rapid glide through several notes with a sweeping effect
What are the alternative names for notes?
What does this mean?
right hand
Left hand
What does a + or an o mean for brass instruement
Play a stopped note
play an unstoped note
How is a timpani roll notated?
With a tr or slash
