Gr 11 1.2 – SOFTWARE

Question 1

API

Answer 1

Application Programming Interface – an interface between
the operating system and the programming language / end
user.

Question 2

Assembler

Answer 2

A program that translates assembler code to machine code.

Question 3

Compilers

Answer 3

Software that translates programming instructions written in
a high-level language into standalone ‘executable files’ (with
an .exe extension) that can be run independently of the
programming language or compiler.

Question 4

High level programming language

Answer 4

Programming languages that are easier for humans to write
and understand, that rely on extensive pre-written libraries
to execute complex instructions with just a few lines of code.

Question 5

Interpreters

Answer 5

Software that translates programming instructions into
machine code one line at a time. Does not generate
executable files. Programs written for interpreters can only
run if the interpreter (or a special ‘runtime’ module of the
interpreter) is installed on the computer.

Question 6

Low level programming language

Answer 6

Assembler type languages that typically use fewer
commands, but correspondingly more simple instructions, to
produce very fast and efficient code.

Question 7

Machine code

Answer 7

Instructions in binary format (0’s and 1’s) that the CPU can
directly execute.

Question 8

Multiprocessing

Answer 8

The type of processing that takes place when the operating
system divides the programs/threads/processes between
multiple CPUs (Physical chips or cores).

Question 9

Multitasking

Answer 9

The operating system splits the CPU time between multiple
programs, and so the computer seems to be doing more
than one task at a time.

Question 10

Multithreading

Answer 10

The ability of an operating system to allow programs to split
themselves into multiple tasks (or threads) that can be run
at the same time.

Question 11

OS

Answer 11

Operating System. System software, which controls all the activities that take
place in a computer.

Question 12

OS for computers

Answer 12

Windows, OS X, Linux

Question 13

OS for mobile

Answer 13

iOS, Android, Windows RT, Windows Phone 8, Blackberry OS
10

Question 14

Process

Answer 14

Any sequence of instructions that can be executed by a CPU.

Question 15

Process management

Answer 15

The task of making sure that each process gets enough CPU
time and access to hardware resources so that it can work
without interfering with or being interfered with by other
processes.

Question 16

Program

Answer 16

A set of instructions mean to accomplish a single task.

Question 17

Thread

Answer 17

A part of a larger program that runs independently by
simultaneously with other parts of the same program.

Question 18

Virtual Memory

Answer 18

An area of storage or disk space that the operating system
keeps for its own use.

Question 19

Virtualization

Answer 19

Creating an entity (memory, storage, machine ect) that only
exists in software.

Top 10 Virtual Machine Software

VMware Workstation Player. ...
Parallels Desktops. ...
VirtualBox. ...
OracleVM VirtualBox. ...
Citrix Hypervisor. ...
Red Hat Virtualization. ...
Kernel Virtual Machine (KVM)