GP Flashcards
How does hip dysplasia present in the 6-8 week baby check?
Different length legs
Knees at different levels
Can’t abduct hip to 90 degrees
Clunk sound
What can undescended testes be linked to in the 6-8 week baby check?
Cancer
infertility
Endocrine disorders
Why do we check the eyes of babies?
For congenital cataracts
What is a red flag in a baby check of the eyes?
light reflecting off the retina
What is a critical CHD?
Can cause death within 28 days
What is serious CHD?
Within first 12 months
What is in the red book?
Birth details
Family history
Immunisation
Reviews and screening
Differential of a cough?
Bronchitis Pneumonia TB COPD Left ventrivular systolic dysfunction Postnasal drip GORD ACE inhibitors Idiopathic Psychogenic
Tests for asthma?
Spirometry
Peak flow test
Airway responsiveness
Allergy tests
What is the atopic triad?
Asthma
Atopic dermatitis
Allergic rhinitis
What ages are breast screenings done?
50-70
When do we refer a breast lump?
Over 30 and have an unexplained lump with or with out pain.
Over 50 and any other breast change.
What is diarrhoea?
3+ loose or liquid stools per day
What is an abnormal PSA result?
Above 3ng they should be referred to a specialist
What is given after a kidney transplant?
mTOR inhibitors
What needs monitoring after a kidney transplant?
Full bloods
BP
Urine output
Immunosuppression levels
What is the age limit for cornea donation?
80
What is the age limit for heart valves and tendons?
60
What diseases can’t you have if you plan on donating organs?
HIV (unless reciever is also positive), hepatitis, cancer in last 12 months or Creutzfeldt-jakob disease
What is Haemodialysis?
Occurs 3 times a week and takes 4 hours. A tube in the arm removes the blood.
What is peritoneal dialysis?
Filters using the inside lining of the abdomen. permanent catheter is inserted and the fluid needs to be changed.
How often does peritoneal dialysis occur?
4 times a day or can be done overnight
What are the side effects of dialysis?
Fatigue, low blood pressure, sepsis, muscle cramps, itchy skin
What drugs should those with renal failure avoid?
NSAIDs
What is stage 2 CKD?
GFR 60-89
What is stage 3a CKD?
GFR 45-59
What is stage 3b CKD?
GFR 30-44
Who has an NHS health check?
40-74
What does the health check up look at?
Stroke, kidney disease, heart disease, type 2 diabetes or dementia
What are the issues with Tylenol?
Liver damage
What are the issues with NSAIDs?
Heart attack, stroke and GI bleeding
What must you avoiding driving on?
New opioids
What is the CVD risk assessment score?
QRISK2
What do you need for a QRISK2 score?
Age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, HDL (HbA1c)
How often is QRISK2 done?
Every 5 years
What investigations should be done on someone with prostate worries?
Urinary frequency-volume chart
IPSS questionnaire
Physical exam
Blood tests
What is an example of a SRRI?
Cirtoline
What is a traditional anti-depressant?
Tricyclics which can be toxic in overdose
What is an issue with SSRIs?
In the short term they can cause short term low mood and increased risk of suicide
What does SSRI stand for?
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
What is an issue with St. Johns wart?
interacts with warfarin and contraceptive pill
What are screening tests for depression
BECK, HADS, PHQ-9
What is a screening tool for anxiety?
GAD-7