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NY Real Estate > Governmental Factors > Flashcards

Governmental Factors Flashcards

0
Q

These laws deal with police power that governments to reserve for themselves.

A

Right to regulate laws

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1
Q

These laws deal with taxes, and although they are primarily past to raise revenue, they can have other effects on real estate as well.

A

Revenue-generating laws

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2
Q

The constitutional power of the state and local governments to enact and enforce laws that protect the public’s health and safety, morals and general welfare. Many____Powers fall under the states authority but they often delegated to local governments.

A

Police power

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3
Q

Are any public or private restrictions on how land I may be used and are usually government enacted zoning laws.

A

Land-use Controls/zoning

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4
Q

Local ordinances dividing city, town, etc. into zones, allowing different types of land use in different zones. these laws and other laws restricting land usage i.e. building codes, I passed to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the community.

A

Zoning laws

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5
Q

The government’s constitutional power to operate/condemn/private property for public use as long as the owner is paid just compensation.

A

Eminent domain

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6
Q

Means that the property reverts to the states after a person dies without leaving a valid well and without heirs.

A

Escheat

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7
Q

Restrictions to protect wildlife, endangered species, wetlands, or to protect against pollution or hazardous waste.

A

Environmental protection laws

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8
Q

remains with the land when the land is sold.

A

Appurtenance

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9
Q

These bend the rules regarding building size, height limits, setbacks, side yards, and so on, and maybe granted so the owner can avoid practical difficulties.

A

Area variances

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10
Q

These permit property owners to use land in a way not allowed in that zone, and cannot be granted unless the owner would otherwise suffer unnecessary hardship.

A

Use variances

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11
Q

These allow landed to be used in a way that doesn’t comply with the zoning laws because it benefits the public.

A

Conditional uses

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12
Q

This occurs when the government choirs property for public use by appropriation. In this case property is regulated by government authority to the economic detriment of the owner, without compensation.

A

Taking

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13
Q

This law/act requires a state environmental quality review to assess the environmental impact of any activity or action approved by a state agency or unit of local government.

A

State Environmental Quality Review Act

SEQRA

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14
Q

Overseas public recreation areas,
Administers federal and state preservation projects
Receives federal grants for historic preservation.

A

(The field services Bureau of )the Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation

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15
Q

This New York Code Sets forth the construction, materials, safety, and sanitary standards for buildings in New York.

A

The New York uniform fire prevention and building code

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16
Q

This is usually illegal because it benefits or restrict certain owners without justification.

A

Spot zoning

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17
Q

These are establish uses that violate new zoning laws, but must be allowed to continue since the used was established before the zoning was enacted.

(sometimes being called “grandfathered in”)

A

Nonconforming uses

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18
Q

This act requires land developers to:
-Register subdivisions of 100 or more nonexempt lots with the Department of Housing and Urban Development HUD when marketing the land across state lines.

A

Interstate land sales full disclosure act of 1968

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19
Q

Provisions in a deed or other document that make parties’ rights and obligations dependent on the occurrence or not occurrence of some of it. When an owner transfers a deed with _______, the grantees title is contingent on the ______.

A

Conditions

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20
Q

Promises or guarantees in a deed or other document. Restrictive ______ are binding promises about land-use and can cover the same items as conditions. Breaking a _____ doesn’t mean that you could lose title to the land.

A

Covenants

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21
Q

These are also known as restrictive covenants

A

Deed restrictions

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22
Q

Setting a termination date
Releasing the owner from the covenant
Abandoning the property
Changing the circumstances of the property and/or the owner

A

Ways to terminate restrictive covenants

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23
Q

The complete bundle of rights belonging to the owner

A

Absolute

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24
Q

Parcels of land directly contiguous, sharing at least one common boundary

A

Abutting property

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25
Q

An apartment with a primary residence

A

Accessory apartment

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26
Q

A use or occupancy incidental or subordinate to the principal use our occupancy

A

Accessory use

27
Q

A Latin phrase meaning according to value

A

Ad valorem

28
Q

Taking private property for public use to the government’s power of an eminent domain. Also called condemnation

A

Appropriation

29
Q

Remains with the land

A

Appurtenance

30
Q

Refers to the landowners bundle of rights associated with the property; prohibits discrimination among landowners in a particular area.

A

As of right zoning

31
Q

A set of construction standards, requiring builders to use particular methods and materials; regulations a stab wishing minimum standards for construction and materials.

A

Building code

32
Q

A type of permit issued to a land owner wants to build, remodel, or alter a building. The land on my submit plans to the building department for approval.

A

Building permit

33
Q

A declaration of covenants conditions and restrictions usually recorded by developer to create a general plan of private restrictions for a subdivision.

A

CC&Rs

Covenant Conditions & Restrictions

34
Q

Relatively small areas used to track the population of the United States by the US Census Bureau.

A

Census tract

35
Q

A permit issued for an existing building that has been altered after all inspections have been made and the renovation property is deemed fit for occupancy.

A

Certificate of compliance

36
Q

A permit issued to the builder after all inspections have been made and the property is deemed fit for occupancy.

A

Certificate of occupancy

37
Q

Allows developers to provide a varied selection of lot sizes and housing choices within a single area.

A

Cluster zoning

38
Q

A written document that identifies goals, objectives, principles, guidelines, policies, standards, and strategies for growth and development of a community. Also called a Master plan.

A

Comprehensive plan

39
Q

Taking private property for public use, through the government power of eminent domain. Also called appropriation. _________ is the act; eminent domain is the right. A declaration that a structure is unfit for occupancy and must be closed or demolished.

A

Condemnation

40
Q

A person who has died

A

Decedent

41
Q

The study of the social and economic status of a given area or population.

A

Demography

42
Q

When referenced by zoning requirements, the number of building units per acre or the number of occupants or families per unit.

A

Density

43
Q

The loss of a right through undue delay or failure to assert within the timeframe of the statute of limitations.

A

Doctrine of laches

44
Q

Describes any potential effects that a development could have on air and water quality, solid waste disposal, traffic, noise, water run off and drainage, school enrollment, energy consumption, wildlife, etc.

A

Environmental impact statement (EIS)

45
Q

The loss of a right through undue delay or failure to assert within the timeframe of the statute of limitations.

A

Doctrine of laches

46
Q

Describes any potential effects that a development could have on air and water quality, solid waste disposal, traffic, noise, water run off and drainage, school enrollment, energy consumption, wildlife, etc.

A

Environmental impact statement (EIS)

47
Q

The loss of a right through undue delay or failure to assert within the timeframe of the statute of limitations.

A

Doctrine of laches

48
Q

Describes any potential effects that a development could have on air and water quality, solid waste disposal, traffic, noise, water run off and drainage, school enrollment, energy consumption, wildlife, etc.

A

Environmental impact statement (EIS)

49
Q

An individual, or two or more people related by blood, marriage, or adoption living together in one dwelling; or group of three people who are not married, blood relatives, or adopted who live together as a single unit; or one or more people living in a single unit.

A

Family

50
Q

A residential facility housing three or more unrelated people within a residential Zone

A

Group home

51
Q

Someone entitled to inherit another person’s real or personal property under laws of interstates succession.

A

Heir

52
Q

A small business or other occupation carried out in the residence, which is an example of an accessory use.

A

Home occupation

53
Q

A system in which by developers receive zoning incentives on the condition that specific physical, social, cultural benefits are provided to the community.

A

Incentive Zoning

54
Q

The communities support facilities and services, including roads, parks, sewers, water, schools, as well as fire and police protection.

A

Infrastructure

55
Q

Distribution of property to heirs of a person who has died intestate

A

Intestate succession

56
Q

When local, state, federal agencies are involved in evaluating the environmental impact of land-use project or activity, one agency, known as a ____ agency, will take the control in overseeing the evaluation.

A

Lead agency

57
Q

Temporarily suspend the right of the property owner to obtain developmental approvals while local legislature takes time to consider, draft, and adopt land-use regulations or rules to respond to new or changing circumstances.

A

Moratorium

58
Q

A document that shows the location and width of a community streets, highways, drainage systems, and parks.

A

Official map

59
Q

A PUD is a type of subdivision in which developers do not have to comply with all standard zoning and subdivision regulations.

A

Planned unit development PUD

60
Q

A detailed survey map of a subdivision, recorded in the county where the land is located. Subdivided property is called a_____ed property.

A

Plat

61
Q

Restriction imposed on property by a previous owner or the subdivision developer; a restrictive covenant or condition in a deed.

A

Private restriction

62
Q

An amendment to a zoning ordinance, usually changing the uses allowed in a particular zone.

A

Rezone

63
Q

Rights, conditions, or restrictions that are associated with the property as opposed to the individual who owns the property. They passed from owner to owner when the land is conveyed.

A

Runs with the land

64
Q

The legal distance that a building must be from a designated position such as a property line; determined by ____ requirements.

A

Setback

65
Q

Usually part of a site plan, this document locates and measures the boundaries of the property and identifies improvements, encroachments, and easements associated with the land.

A

Survey

66
Q

State and local laws that must be complied with before land can be subdivided.

A

Subdivision regulations

NY Real Estate (42 decks)

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