GORD

Question 0

What are the symptoms of GORD?

Answer 0

• Dyspepsia

- Worse on lying down, bending over, and drinking hot drinks.

Question 1

What are the anti-reflux mechanisms?

Answer 1

• Lower oesophageal sphincter has a one way valve
• Angle of His (angle at which oesophagus enters stomach
• Right crus of diaphragm acts as a sling around the lower oesophageal sphincter

Question 2

What is the management of GORD?

Answer 2

• Lifestyle changes ➡️ weight loss, smoking cessation, reduced alcohol consumption, reduced consumption of fatty foods.
• Medication ➡️ antacids, PPI, H2 antagonist

Question 3

What are the complications of GORD?

Answer 3

Can leads to metaplastic changes in the oesophagus (Barrett’s Oesophagus).

Question 4

What is Barrett’s Oesophagus?

Answer 4

Metaplasia ➡️ change from stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium to columnar epithelium with goblet cells.
A pre-malignant condition ➡️ adenocarcinoma