GORD Flashcards
How do NSAIDs work as analgesics?
Target, location, effect
Target: inhibits COX-2 enzymes
Location: peripheral nociceptive nerve endings
Effect: decreases production of prostaglandins (prostaglandins sensitise peripheral nociceptor mediators - bradykinin and histamine, causing pain)
Also reduces inflammation as PGs mediate inflam
How do NSAIDs have an adverse effect within the stomach?
Target, location, effect
Target: inhibits COX-1 enzyme
Location: gastric mucosal cells
Effect: inhibits PG production (PGs mediate protection of gastric mucosa, causing ulcer formation
How do prostaglandins mediate gastric mucosal cell protection from stomach acid? (3)
Increase bicarbonate release
Increase mucus production
Increase blood flow
How do proton pump inhibitors work?
Target, location, effect
What is an example of an PPI?
Target: inhibits H+/K+-ATPase
Location: tubulovesicular membrane of parietal cell
Effect: reduces gastric acid production
Omeprazole
How do PPIs increase risk of osteoporosis?
What should be prescribed instead and why?
Decreases intestinal absorption of calcium
H2 receptor antagonists - H2 uses cAMP pathway, independent of Ca2+
