Gonorrhoea Flashcards
What is the main bacterial cause of gonorrhoea?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
What type of organism is Neisseria gonorrhoea?
Gram negative diplococcus.
Who is gonorrhoea most common in?
Young adults
Men who have sex with men
What is the intubation period of gonorrhoea?
2-5 days
How does gonorrhoea spread?
Via contact with mucous secretions from infected areas.
Where does an acute infection with gonorrhoea tend to occur?
On any mucous membrane surface, typically genitourinary but also rectum and pharynx
How does gonorrhoea typically present in men?
Urethral discharge
Dysuria
Tender inguinal nodes
How does gonorrhoea usually present in females?
(cervicitis)
Discharge
Dysuria
Abnormal bleeding
Pelvic pain
How is the discharge described in both men and women with gonorrhoea?
Odourless purulent discharge
Possibly green or yellow
What are some extragenital complications of gonorrhoea?
Pharyngitis
Rectal pain and discharge
Conjunctivitis
Disseminated gonococcal infection
How is gonorrhoea diagnosed in women?
Vulvovaginal swab
How is gonorrhoea diagnosed in men?
First pass urine sample
What are the samples tested with to confirm the diagnosis of gonorrhoea?
Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT)
What would you see on microscopy of someone with gonorrhoea?
The presence of monomorphic Gram-negative diplococci within polymorphonuclear leukocytes
What is the first line management of gonorrhoea?
Single dose IM Ceftriaxone
What is the purpose of a test of cure?
To monitor disease clearance and decide whether antibiotic regimen was effective
What can untreated gonorrhoea cause?
Infertility via
–Pelvic inflammatory disease
–Epididymitis
What is recommended for men who have sex with men?
Rectal and pharyngeal swab
What is the management of gonorrhoea if the sensitivities are known?
A single dose of oral ciprofloxacin 500mg
When is a test of cure recommended to be carried out?
72 hours after treatment for culture
What is a complication of gonorrohea in a neonate?
Gonococcal conjunctivitis
How can a neonate become infected with gonorrohea?
Contracted from the mother during birth
What is gonococcal conjunctivitis?
Ophthalmia neonatorum
Medical emergency
Associated with sepsis, perforation of the eye and blindness.
What is Disseminated Gonococcal Infection?
A complication of untreated gonococcal infection
Bacteria spreads to the skin and joints
What are the main three features of disseminated gonococcal infection?
Tenosynovitis
Migratory polyarthritis
Dermatitis
What is Migratory polyarthritis?
Arthritis that moves between joints
What is the most common local complication of gonorrhoea in men?
Urethral stricture
