Gonorrhoea

Question 1

What is the main bacterial cause of gonorrhoea?

Answer 1

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 2

What type of organism is Neisseria gonorrhoea?

Answer 2

Gram negative diplococcus.

Question 3

Who is gonorrhoea most common in?

Answer 3

Young adults
Men who have sex with men

Question 4

What is the intubation period of gonorrhoea?

Answer 4

2-5 days

Question 5

How does gonorrhoea spread?

Answer 5

Via contact with mucous secretions from infected areas.

Question 6

Where does an acute infection with gonorrhoea tend to occur?

Answer 6

On any mucous membrane surface, typically genitourinary but also rectum and pharynx

Question 7

How does gonorrhoea typically present in men?

Answer 7

Urethral discharge
Dysuria
Tender inguinal nodes

Question 8

How does gonorrhoea usually present in females?

Answer 8

(cervicitis)
Discharge
Dysuria
Abnormal bleeding
Pelvic pain

Question 9

How is the discharge described in both men and women with gonorrhoea?

Answer 9

Odourless purulent discharge
Possibly green or yellow

Question 10

What are some extragenital complications of gonorrhoea?

Answer 10

Pharyngitis
Rectal pain and discharge
Conjunctivitis
Disseminated gonococcal infection

Question 11

How is gonorrhoea diagnosed in women?

Answer 11

Vulvovaginal swab

Question 12

How is gonorrhoea diagnosed in men?

Answer 12

First pass urine sample

Question 13

What are the samples tested with to confirm the diagnosis of gonorrhoea?

Answer 13

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT)

Question 14

What would you see on microscopy of someone with gonorrhoea?

Answer 14

The presence of monomorphic Gram-negative diplococci within polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Question 15

What is the first line management of gonorrhoea?

Answer 15

Single dose IM Ceftriaxone

Question 16

What is the purpose of a test of cure?

Answer 16

To monitor disease clearance and decide whether antibiotic regimen was effective

Question 17

What can untreated gonorrhoea cause?

Answer 17

Infertility via
–Pelvic inflammatory disease
–Epididymitis

Question 18

What is recommended for men who have sex with men?

Answer 18

Rectal and pharyngeal swab

Question 19

What is the management of gonorrhoea if the sensitivities are known?

Answer 19

A single dose of oral ciprofloxacin 500mg

Question 20

When is a test of cure recommended to be carried out?

Answer 20

72 hours after treatment for culture

Question 21

What is a complication of gonorrohea in a neonate?

Answer 21

Gonococcal conjunctivitis

Question 22

How can a neonate become infected with gonorrohea?

Answer 22

Contracted from the mother during birth

Question 23

What is gonococcal conjunctivitis?

Answer 23

Ophthalmia neonatorum
Medical emergency
Associated with sepsis, perforation of the eye and blindness.

Question 24

What is Disseminated Gonococcal Infection?

Answer 24

A complication of untreated gonococcal infection
Bacteria spreads to the skin and joints

Question 25

What are the main three features of disseminated gonococcal infection?

Answer 25

Tenosynovitis
Migratory polyarthritis
Dermatitis

Question 26

What is Migratory polyarthritis?

Answer 26

Arthritis that moves between joints

Question 27

What is the most common local complication of gonorrhoea in men?

Answer 27

Urethral stricture