Goeli- Antioxidants Flashcards
How do cells protect themselves against damage by ROS and other radicals?
- Compartmentalization of free radical production
- Metal sequestration (Metals used in fenton rxn)
- Repair processes
- Defense enzymes
- Endogenous and Exogenous anti-oxidants
What is superoxide dismutase?
An enzyme that converts superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide and 02
Why is superoxide dismutase referred to as the “primary defense against oxidative stress”?
Because the superoxide free radical is a strong initiator of chain reactions. If you convert it to hydrogen peroxide you can neutralize it.
What enzyme is implicated in familial ALS (Lou Gherig’s)?
Superoxide Dismutase
What are the three enzymatic antioxidants?
Catalase
Glutathione
Superoxide Dismutase
What are the 6 dietary anti-oxidants?
vit: ACE
Carotenoids
Bioflavanoids
Co Q10
What are non-ezymatic anti-oxidants?
Antioxidants convert free radicals to a non-radical/non-toxic form by donating e to fill an unpaired orbital (most donate a H atom to the radical)
*often have a conjugated double bond system (aromatic ring)
Vit E is also known as….
alpha-tocopherol
Vit E is found in what foods…
corn nuts olives green leafy vegetables vegetable oils wheat germ
What are the characteristics of Vit E def?
Uncommon
hemolytic anemia d/t fragility of RBCs
myopathy
neurologic deficits d/t degeneration of neurons
What are the two impt functions of vit C?
Collagen synthesis
Donates e to Vit E so it can participate in other rxns
What are the characteristics of Vit C def?
Scurvy!!
Impaired wound healing bleeding ecchymoses swollen gums anemia enlargement and keratosis of hair follicles lethargy depression
What is beta-carotene?
A pre-cursor for Vit A
What vitamin def leads to night blindness and is the number 1 cause of non-accidnetal blindness world wide?
Vit A deficiency
*Also causes: follicular hyperkeratosis, xeropthalmia
What foods are flavenoids in?
red wine, green tea, chocolate, and other plant derived foods
