Goal 1: Mediastinum Flashcards
How many ribs makes up the thoracic skeleton? How many vertebrae? How many intervertebral disks?
-12 for all
What are the 3 parts of the sternum?
- top: manubrium
- middle: body
- bottom: xiphoid process
What are the cartilages that connect each rib to the sternum?
Costal cartilages
What is the name of the space between the jugular veins?
Jugular notch
What is the mass of tissue between the pulmonary cavities and the ventral compartment of the thoracic cavity?
Mediastinum
What are the two parts of the mediastinum? Where is the separation?
- superior
- inferior: anterior, middle, posterior parts
- separates at sternal angle anteriorly and through iv disc of T4 and T5
The Brachiocephalic trunk gives rise to what two arteries?
Right common carotid and right subclavian
What are the contents of the superior mediastinum?
- thymus
- right and left bracheocephalic veins
- ascending aorta and it’s branches
- vagus and phrenic nerves
- trachea
- alimentary tract-esophagus
- lymphatic trunks
What forms the SVC?
Left and right brachiocephalic veins
What are the contents of the posterior mediastinum?
- esophagus
- descending aorta
- azygos and hemiazygos veins
- thoracic duct
- vagus nerves
- splanchnic nerves
- lymph nodes
- intercostal arteries and veins
Where does the esophagus start and end? Vertebrae wise?
- pharynx to stomach
- C7-T10
Patient with a history of heart enlarged heart has problems swallowing. What’s likely enlarged and why does this happen?
- left atrium
- it’s right in front of the esophagus; if it gets big, pushes against the esophagus and blocks it
Where does the descending aorta start? Where does it continue as the abdominal aorta?
- T4
- continues as AA at T12 and on
What are the six branches of the aorta?
- posterior costal
- subcostal
- bronchial
- Mediastinal
- esophageal
- superior phrenic
What two main heart vessels does the azygos vein connect?
SVC and IVC