Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nelson - Nephrology > GN Associated with Infections > Flashcards

GN Associated with Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Four classic characteristics of acute nephritic syndrome

A

Sudden onset of 1) Gross hematuria 2) Edema 3) Hypertension 4) Renal insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nephritogenic strains of GABHS that infect the throat

A

M1, M4, M25, some M12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nephritogenic strains of GABHS that infect the skin

A

M49

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Glomeruli appear enlarged and relatively bloodless and show diffuse mesangial cell proliferation, with an increase in mesangial matrix

A

APSGN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In APSGN, infiltration of ___ cells is common in glomeruli during the early stage of the disease

A

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In APSGN, immunofluorescence microscopy reveals a ___ pattern on the glomerular basement membrane and in the mesangium

A

“lumpy-bumpy”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lumpy bumpy pattern in immunofluorescence of kidneys of patients with APSGN represent

A

Deposits of immunoglobulin and complement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

On electron microscopy of kidneys affected by APSGN, electron-dense deposits, or “humps,” are observed on the ___ side of the glomerular basement membrane

A

Epithelial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Circulating immune complex formation with streptococcal antigens and subsequent glomerular deposition is thought likely to be a pathogenic mechanism of APSGN

A

F, LESS LIKELY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Poststreptococcal GN is most common in children ages ___ and uncommon before the age of ___

A

5-12 yr, 3 yr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Typical APSGN patient develops an acute nephritic syndrome ___ after an antecedent streptococcal pharyn- gitis or ___ after a streptococcal pyoderma

A

1-2 wk, 3-6 wk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F In APSGN, nephrotic syndrome develops in a minority (less than 5%) of childhood cases

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In individuals who present with a purpuric rash and renal disease, it is difficult to distinguish APSGN from ___ without a renal biopsy

A

Henoch-Schönlein purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The acute phase of APSGN generally resolves within ___

A

6-8 wk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In APSGN, urinary protein excretion and hypertension usually normalize by ___ after onset

A

4-6 wk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In APSGN, persistent microscopic hematuria can persist for ___ after the initial presentation

A

1-2 yr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Anemia seen in APSGN

A

Mild normochromic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mild normochromic anemia may be seen in APSGN due to

A

Hemodilution and low-grade hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In APSGN, the serum C3 level is significantly reduced in >90% of patients in the ___ phase

A

Acute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

C3 levels in APSGN returns to normal ___ after onset

A

6-8 wk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

T/F Serum CH50 is commonly depressed in APSGN

A

T

22
Q

T/F C4 is most often depressed in APSGN

A

F, Normal or only mildly depressed

23
Q

T/F Confirmation of the diagnosis of APSGN requires clear evidence of a prior streptococcal infection

A

T

24
Q

A positive ___ might support the diagnosis of APSGN or might represent the carrier state

A

Throat culture report

25
Q

A ___ confirms a recent streptococcal infection

A

Rising antibody titer to streptococcal antigen(s)

26
Q

___ is commonly elevated after a pharyngeal infection but rarely increases after streptococcal skin infections

A

Antistreptolysin O titer

27
Q

The best single antibody titer to document CUTANEOUS streptococcal infection is the ___

A

Antideoxyribonuclease B level

28
Q

Measures multiple antibodies to different streptococcal antigens

A

Streptozyme screen

29
Q

T/F Serologic evidence for streptococcal infections is more sensitive than the history of recent infections

A

T

30
Q

T/F Serologic evidence for streptococcal infections is far more sensitive than positive bacterial cultures obtained at the time of onset of acute nephritis

A

T

31
Q

MRI of the brain is indicated in APSGN patients with severe neurologic symptoms and can demonstrate ___

A

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in the parietooccipital areas on T2-weighted images

32
Q

Renal biopsy in patients with APSGN should be considered only in the presence of (5)

A

1) Acute renal failure 2) Nephrotic syndrome 3) Absence of evidence of streptococcal infection 4) Normal complement levels 5) Hematuria and proteinuria, dimin- ished renal function, and/or a low C3 level persist more than 2 mo after onset

33
Q

___ can indicate a chronic form of postinfectious GN or another disease such as membranoproliferative GN

A

Persistent hypocomplementemia

34
Q

Acute postinfectious GN can also follow other infections with (3)

A

1) Coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative staphylococci 2) Streptococcus pneumoniae 3) Gram-negative bacteria

35
Q

Viral etiologies that are particularly notable as causes of acute GN (2)

A

1) Influenza 2) Parvovirus

36
Q

Acute complications of APSGN result from ___ and ___

A

1) Hypertension 2) Acute renal dysfunction

37
Q

Hypertension is seen in ___% of patients with APSGN

A

60

38
Q

Hypertension in APSGN is associated with Hypertensive encephalopathy in ___% of cases

A

10

39
Q

T/F Early systemic antibiotic therapy for streptococcal throat and skin infections eliminates the risk of GN

A

F, Does not eliminate

40
Q

T/F Antibiotic therapy (10-day course of penicilin) does NOT affect the natural history of APSGN

A

T

41
Q

Complete recovery occurs in ___% of children with APSGN

A

> 95

42
Q

T/F Recurrences of APSGN are extremely rare

A

T

43
Q

Pathogenesis of HIV-associated nephropathy

A

Direct viral infection of nephrons occurs because renal cells express a variety of lymphocyte chemokine receptors that are essential for and facilitate viral invasion

44
Q

Classic histopathologic lesion of HIV-associated nephropathy is ___

A

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

45
Q

GN with no immune deposits

A

RPGN

46
Q

GN with granular IgG and C3 on IF

A

PSGN

47
Q

GN with linear IgG and C3 on IF

A

Goodpasture syndrome

48
Q

GN with no deposits on electron microscopy

A

Goodpasture syndrome and RPGN

49
Q

Treatment for Goodpasture syndrome

A

Plasma exchange, steroids, cyclophosphamide

50
Q

Treatment for RPGN

A

Steroid pulse therapy

51
Q

Common GN with decreased complement level

A

SLE, APSGN, MPGN

52
Q

Common GN with normal complement level

A

HSP, Goodpasture, IgA nephropathy, RPGN, nonstreptococcal postinfectious GN

Nelson - Nephrology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions