Glycopeptides Flashcards
1
Q
Name two Glycopeptide drugs.
A
- Vancomycin
2. Teicoplanin
2
Q
What is the MOA of Vancomycin (include elimination)?
A
- Bactericidal
- Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to D-alanine end of peptidoglycan pentapeptide
- 80-90% excreted in urine
3
Q
How is Vancomycin administered?
A
- Slow IV infusion (poorly absorbed orally and IM painful)
4
Q
What is the MOA of Teicoplanin?
A
- Bactericidal
- Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to D-alanine end of peptidoglycan pentapeptide
(same as Vancomycin)
5
Q
How is Teicoplanin administered?
A
- IV
- IM (painful)
6
Q
What spectrum are both Vancomycin and Teicoplanin?
A
- Reserve antibiotic for treatment of life threatening infections only
- Cloxacillin-resistant staphylococci
- Penicillin-resistant enterococci
- Penicillin allergic patients with infective endocarditis
- GIT infections by oral administration (pseudomembranous colitis - C. difficile)
7
Q
What are the side effects of Vancomycin?
A
- Fever, skin rashes
- Red man syndrome (rapid admin causes histamine release)
- Ototoxic
- Nephrotoxic
8
Q
What drug interactions occur with Vancomycin or Teicoplanin?
A
- Ototoxic and nephrotoxic drugs (aminoglycosides)
9
Q
What is contra-indicated with Vancomycin or Teicoplanin?
A
- Renal impairment
- Elderly
- Neonates
- Hearing abnormalities
- Pregnancy
10
Q
What are the side effects of Teicoplanin?
A
- Fever, skin rashes, allergy
- Cross-hypersensitivity with Vancomycin
- Red man syndrome (less likely than with Vancomycin)
- Ototoxic
- Nephrotoxic
