Glycolysis

Question 1

Which two pathways in glycolysis require ATP?

Answer 1

1. Hexokinase/glucokinase
2. PFK-1

Question 2

Which two pathways in glycolysis make ATP?

Answer 2

Phosphoglycerate kinase

Pyruvate Kinase

Question 3

For FBPase2 and PFK-2, if you are in a fed state what happens?

Answer 3

Increased Insulin=>decreases cAMP=>decreases protein Kinase A=>increased PFK-2 and dephosphorylates

Net: more glycolysis less gluconeogenesis

Question 4

What two places can give pyruvate its substrate?

Answer 4

Alanine w/ALT and B6 Lactate w/LDH and B3

Question 5

PDH requires 5 cofactors, what are they? PDH is most similar to what other reaction?

Answer 5

“Tender Loving Care For Nancy”

TPP, Lipoic acid, CoA (B5), FAD (B2) NAD (B3)

a-ketogluturate dehydrogenase (a-ketogluturate=>succinyl-coA)

Question 6

PDH is activated by _______. This increases 3 substrates what are they?

Answer 6

Exercise

Increases: NAD+/NADH ratio, ADP and Calcium

Question 7

In PDH complex def., what are the symptoms? what is the treatment?

Answer 7

Symptoms: Neurologic deficit, lactic acidosis, Increased serum alanine.

Tx: onLy pureLy ketogenic amino acids=>Lysine and Leucine

Question 8

PDH complex def. is what genetic inheritance? Pyruvate get shunted to what two molecules via what?

Answer 8

X-linked. Lactate (via LDH) and alanine (via ALT)

Question 9

Arsenic inhibits what? What are the symptoms of arsenic poisioning?

Answer 9

Lipoic Acid

Symptoms: vomiting, rice-water stools and garlic breathe.

Question 10

Alcoholics have increased Lactic acidosis due to lack of what for what process?

Answer 10

Lack of thiamine PDH Complex