Glycolysis

Question 1

What is Glycolysis?

Answer 1

The engine that powers our cells. Takes glucose and turns it into pyruvate.

Question 2

Where does this process take place?

Answer 2

Inside the cell’s cytosol

Question 3

Step one

Answer 3

Glucose turns into glucose 6-phosphate; catalyzed by Hexokinase

Question 4

Step two

Answer 4

Glucose 6-phosphate turns into fructose 6-phosphate; catalyzed by Phosphohexose isomerase

Question 5

Step three

Answer 5

Fructose 6-phosphate gets an extra phosphate group and becomes fructose 1,6-biphosphate; catalyzed by Phosphofructokinase (PFK)

Question 6

Step four

Answer 6

Fructose 1,6-biphosphate breaks down into DHAP and G3P; catalyzed by aldolase

Question 7

What happens after step four?

Answer 7

Every step after four will now occur twice.

Question 8

Step five

Answer 8

DHAP converts into G3P; catalyzed by Triose phosphate isomerase

Question 9

Step six

Answer 9

G3P is oxidized to form 1,3-biphosphoglycerate; catalyzed by Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Question 10

Step seven

Answer 10

1,3-BPG donates a Pi group to ADP to form ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG); catalyzed by Phosphoglycerate kinase

Question 11

What step is the first to produce ATP?

Answer 11

Step seven

Question 12

Step eight

Answer 12

3-PG is moved from the 3rd carbon to the 2nd and forms 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG); catalyzed by Phosphoglycerate mutase

Question 13

Step nine

Answer 13

2-PG loses water molecule and becomes phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP); catalyzed by Enolase

Question 14

Step ten

Answer 14

PEP donates Pi group to ADP to form ATP and the final product, pyruvate; catalyzed by Pyruvate kinase

Question 15

What is the second step to produce ATP?

Answer 15

step ten

Question 16

What three steps are irreversible?

Answer 16

1, 3, and 10

Question 17

What is the net energy gain?

Answer 17

Initially lose 2 ATP (steps 1 & 3), but then gain 4 ATP along the way (steps 7 & 10)
- Overall net gain from glycolysis = 2 ATP

Question 18

Why is glycolysis important? Is it aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 18

Creates energy during exercise when we need it quickly; anaerobic process

Question 19

Which muscle type has more enzymes needed for glycolysis?

Answer 19

Type II fibers