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Biochem > Glycolysis > Flashcards

Glycolysis Flashcards

1
Q

phase 1 overview

A

entry of glucose through phosphorylation of glucose
ATP is consumed

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2
Q

phase 2 overview

A

metabolic energy to net 2 ATP

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3
Q

2 high energy phosphate intermediates

A

1,3 BPG
phophoenolpyruvate

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4
Q

reaction one: type

A

phosphorylation, transferase

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5
Q

reaction one: enzyme

A

hexokinase

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6
Q

reaction one: reaction

A

glucose to glucose 6-phosphate

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7
Q

reaction one: delta G

A

large and negative
priming rxn

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8
Q

reaction one: cofactor

A

Mg2+ is required

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9
Q

reaction two: type

A

isomerase

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10
Q

reaction two: enzyme

A

phosphohexose isomerase

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11
Q

reaction two: reaction

A

glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate

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12
Q

reaction two: binding

A

prefers a-anomer

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13
Q

reaction two: intermediate

A

ene-diol

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14
Q

reaction two: purpose

A

activates molecule for C3-C4 cleavage
next step (C1) phosphorylation is easier on a primary
-OH than a hemiacetal -OH

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15
Q

reaction three: type

A

phosphorylation/transferase

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16
Q

reaction three: enzyme

A

phosphofructokinase

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17
Q

reaction three: reaction

A

fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-biphosphate

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18
Q

reaction three: delta g

A

large and negative
priming rxn

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19
Q

reaction three: regulation, inhibitors, activators

A
  • regulation needed b/c gal and G1P can enter glycolysis from conversion to F6P
  • citrate = inhibitor
  • F2,6P = activator
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20
Q

reaction four: type

A

aldol condensation

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21
Q

reaction four: enzyme

A

aldolase

22
Q

reaction four: reaction

A

fructose 1,6 biphosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

23
Q

reaction five: type

A

isomerization

24
Q

reaction five: enzyme

A

triosephosphate isomerase
- near perfect

25
Q

reaction five: reaction

A

dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldeyde 3-phosphate

26
Q

reaction five: mechanism

A

ene-diol

27
Q

reaction six: type

A

dehydration

28
Q

reaction six: enzyme

A

GAP dehydrogenase

29
Q

reaction six: reaction

A

GAP to 1,3 biphosphoglycerate

30
Q

reaction six: type of catalysis

A

covalent

31
Q

NAD+ is

A

reduced

32
Q

NADH is

A

oxidized

33
Q

reaction seven: type

A

substrate-level phosphorylation

34
Q

reaction seven: enzyme

A

phosphoglycerate kinase

35
Q

reaction seven: reaction

A

1,3 BPG to 3-phosphoglycerate

36
Q

reaction seven: ATP synthesis

A

from high-energy phosphate

37
Q

reaction eight: type

A

transferase (of phosphoryl group)
- c3 to c4

38
Q

reaction eight: enzyme

A

phosphoglycerate mutase

39
Q

reaction eight: reaction

A

3-PG to 2-PG

40
Q

reaction eight: purpose

A

repositions phosphate for PEP

41
Q

reaction nine: type

A

lyase

42
Q

reaction nine: enzyme

A

enolase

43
Q

reaction nine: reaction

A

2-PG to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)

44
Q

reaction nine: purpose

A

enolase rearranges to more energy can be released in hydrolysis

45
Q

reaction ten: type

A

substrate-level phosphorylation/transferase

46
Q

reaction ten: enzyme

A

pyruvate kinase

47
Q

reaction ten: reaction

A

PEP to pyruvate

48
Q

reaction ten: delta G

A

large, negative
priming rxn

49
Q

reaction ten: payoff

A

net of 2 ATP

50
Q

reaction 10: inhibition and activation

A

inhibition: ATP, acetyl CoA, ala
activation: FBP, AMP

Biochem (8 decks)

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