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b.Zooth 318 > Glossary of Terms > Flashcards

Glossary of Terms Flashcards

1
Q

slaughter house

A

abbatoir

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2
Q

tear in the skin due to friction or rubbing

A

abrasion

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3
Q

expulsion of fetuses; expulsion of fully developed piglets before the completion of pregnancy and before they are able to survive

A

abortion

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4
Q

adjustment of the breeding pig to the conditions prevailing in the farm to which it has been introduced to enable it to perform to optimum standards

A

acclimatization

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5
Q

the state or quality to be reached

A

accessibility

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6
Q

collective

A

accumulative

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7
Q

condition in which the acidity of the body fluids & tissues is abnormally high

A

acidosis

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8
Q

referring to a disease which has a rapid onset, short course & pronounced signs

A

acute

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9
Q

failure to secrete milk following birth; absence of milk

A

agalactia

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10
Q

management method wherein a group of fattening pigs enters the unit at the same time and leaves together at a certain period once they reach the market weight

A

all in/all out

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11
Q

what are the main symptoms of anemia?

A

paleness, hurried breathing & low resistance to infection

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12
Q

any drug or chemical used to destroy parasitic worms

A

anthelmintic

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13
Q

a chemical substance derived from a mold or bacteria that inhibit the growth of another microorganism

A

antibiotic

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14
Q

a protein substance developed or synthesized by lymphoid tissues of the body in response to an antigenic stimulus

A

antibody

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15
Q

True or False.

In disease defense, the animal must have an encounter with the pathogens/ antigen before a specific antibody is developed in its blood.

A

True

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16
Q

a high molecular-weight substance (usually a protein) which, when foreign to the bloodstream of the animal, stimulates formation of a specific antibody

A

antigen

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17
Q

a chemical substances that prevents the growth & development of microorganism

A

antiseptic

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18
Q

suffocation

A

Asphyxiation

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19
Q

inflammation of the joints

A

arthritis

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20
Q

shaky movements & unsteady gait

A

ataxia

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21
Q

shrinkage of a normal organ

A

atrophy

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22
Q

the presence of bacteria or microorganism in the blood

A

bacteremia

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23
Q

male pig of any age that is usually intended for breeding

A

boar

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24
Q

animals used for reproduction (sows, gilts, boars,)

A

breeders

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25
Q

small broken blood vessels

A

bruises

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26
Q

to make a hole

A

burrow

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27
Q

removal of testes

A

castration

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28
Q

referring to a disease condition that is continuous and long lasting

A

chronic

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29
Q

referring to direct observation

A

clinical

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30
Q

the 1st secretion of the breast, occurring shortly after or sometimes before birth. It contains serum, while blood cells & antibodies

A

colostrum

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31
Q

act of fertilization

A

conception

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32
Q

percentage of sows that become pregnant after service

A

conception rate

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33
Q

a condition or disease that has affected the animal since birth

A

congenital

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34
Q

an organism is inside the pig’s body without causing any clinical damage or disease

A

contamination

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35
Q

can be easily transferred

A

contagious

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36
Q

of disinfectant used to increase solubility & applied in 2-4 solution

A

cresol

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37
Q

place for piglets inside the following/rearing pen

A

creep area

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38
Q

mainly due to crumpling

A

crushing

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39
Q

a thin, hard, dry layer on the surface

A

crusts

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40
Q

all unwanted animals removed from the herd

A

culls

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41
Q

the removal of undesirable or unproductive animals within the herd

A

culling

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42
Q

bluish discoloration of the extremities due to circulatory disturbances

A

cyanosis

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43
Q

an ovary containing an abnormal sac containing gas, fluid or semi solid material, with a membranous lining

A

cystic ovary

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44
Q

a mother pig

A

dam

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45
Q

loss of body fluids

A

dehydration

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46
Q

a pig which has been sold for slaughter

A

delivered/market pig

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47
Q

fecal looseness

A

diarrhea

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48
Q

a selection or combination of different feedstuffs provided in a continuous schedule

A

diet/ration

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49
Q

gross energy minus fecal energy

A

Digestible Energy

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50
Q

a chemical capable of destroying disease-causing microorganism or parasites

A

disinfectant

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51
Q

moisture

A

draft

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52
Q

carcass weight; weight after slaughtering and removal of entrails

A

dressed weight

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53
Q

the time interval from weaning to service

A

dry period

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54
Q

non-pregnant sows; unbred sow which has just been weaned

A

dry sows

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55
Q

where fatteners are supposed to defecate

A

dunging area

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56
Q

difficulty in breathing

A

dyspnea

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57
Q

difficulty of farrowing

A

Dystocia

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58
Q

swelling of the part or all of the body due to accumulation of excess water

A

edema

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59
Q

excessive loss of flesh

A

emaciation

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60
Q

the final/market weight

A

end weight

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61
Q

vigor or power in action

A

energy

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62
Q

period of sexual receptivity in female; heat period

A

estrus

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63
Q

relating to or affecting the intestine

A

enteric

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64
Q

a painful infection in the intestine

A

enteritis

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65
Q

endemic; denoting a disease of animals which indigenous to a certain locality

A

enzootic

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66
Q

any fluid that has move out of a tissue or its capillaries, because of injury or inflammation

A

exudate

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67
Q

the act giving birth in sow

A

farrowing

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68
Q

an equipment where a sow is placed before farrowing until weaning to avoid crushing piglets

A

farrowing crate

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69
Q

a pig raised for pork/meat consumption; fattener weight usually starts at 15 – 20 kg

A

fattener

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70
Q

the number of days a pig stays on a farm for fattening until marketing

A

fattening days

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71
Q

dung, stool, manure waste

A

feces

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72
Q

the amount of feed to convert one kilogram of gain in weight

A

feed conversion ratio

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73
Q

the amount of feed consumed by the pig

A

feeds consumed

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74
Q

constructed or fabricated device where feeds are placed for pig consumption

A

feed trough

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75
Q

any material suitable for animal feed

A

feedstuff

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76
Q

a young organism in the uterus from the time the organ system has been developed until its birth

A

fetus

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77
Q

given to fattener of 60 kg until market weight with CP of 14%

A

finisher

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78
Q

pig which are 60 kgs and up

A

finisher

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79
Q

act of transferring of piglets from one sow to another

A

fostering

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80
Q

very thin & pale

A

gaunt

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81
Q

pregnancy time from conception to birth

A

gestation

82
Q

young female pig under one year of age & has not yet been given birth

A

gilt

83
Q

protrusion of an organ or tissue out of a body cavity in which it normally lies

A

hernia

84
Q

the existence of vigor or performance in crossbred animal that is higher than the average of both parents. It is also known as hybrid vigor

A

heterosis

85
Q

a substance produced by the cells of the body & passed in the blood stream to influence other cells elsewhere in the body

A

hormone

86
Q

practice/measures designed to attain & preserve health

A

hygiene

87
Q

redness of a part of an organ, can be a part of the skin, liver etc.

A

hyperemia

88
Q

the presence in the blood of an abnormally low concentration of calcium

A

hypocalcemia

89
Q

a deficiency of glucose in the bloodstream, causing muscular weakness & incoordination, mental confusion & sweating

A

hypoglycemia

90
Q

specific resistance of an animal against disease-causing organism

A

immunity

91
Q

a disease caused by an organism

A

infection

92
Q

production of milk

A

lactation

93
Q

swelling

A

inflammation

94
Q

disease and infections that are naturally transmitted from animal to man

A

Zoonotic disease

95
Q

the period from farrowing until weaning; period when the sow is nursing the piglets

A

lactation period

96
Q

the animal lies on its side

A

Lateral recumbency

97
Q

an infection disease which begins with a fever & may affect the liver (causing jaundice) or meninges (resulting in meningitis)

A

leptospirosis

98
Q

the added weight of a pig from one period to another

A

Weight gain

99
Q

disruptive changes in a cell, tissue or organ of the animal when infected

A

lesion

100
Q

a group of pigs born in one farrowing

A

litter

101
Q

a young pig, separated from the sow, about 30 to 90 days old

A

Weanling

102
Q

the number of farrowing of one sow per year

A

Litter index or Farrowing index

103
Q

number of farrowing/parities

A

Litter number

104
Q

the number of pigs born in one litter

A

Litter size

105
Q

the weight of all live pigs

A

Liveweight

106
Q

the number of the days sow is neither pregnant nor lactating nor dry; ideally about 7 days

A

Lost days

107
Q

type of disinfectant which contains approximately 94% sodium hydroxide

A

Lye

108
Q

the final weight of a pig for slaughtering/marketing

A

Market weight

109
Q

inflammation of breast or mammary gland

A

Mastitis

110
Q

the first feces of a newborn which are sticky and brown

A

Meconium

111
Q

inflammation of the uterus

A

Metritis

112
Q

number of affected animals

A

Morbidity

113
Q

number of dead pigs

A

Mortality

114
Q

a viscous fluid secreted by mucous membranes in many parts of the body, including the mouth, bronchial passages & gut; it acts as protective barrier over surfaces of the membranes

A

Mucous

115
Q

death of a tissues

A

Necrosis

116
Q

the chemical substance found in feed materials that can be used, and are necessary for the maintenance, production & health; the chief classes are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins & water

A

Nutrients

117
Q

extremely unpleasant

A

Obnoxious

118
Q

the number of days an animal stay in a pen

A

Occupancy

119
Q

connected with the sense of smell

A

Olfactory

120
Q

a titanic spasm in which the spine & extremities are bent with convexity forward, the body resting on the head & the heels, sometimes with bulging of the eyes

A

Opisthotonos

121
Q

the release of egg cell or ovum from the ovary

A

Ovulation

122
Q

a hormone which is mainly responsible for uterine contraction and milk flow

A

Oxytocin

123
Q

a medical treatment that will not cure a problem but will reduce the pain

A

Palliative

124
Q

medical examination done by touching the body

A

Palpate

125
Q

loss of power of voluntary movement in a muscle through injury or disease of the nerve supply

A

Paralysis

126
Q

number of farrowing

A

Parities

127
Q

disease causing organism

A

Pathogens

128
Q

the ability of the organism to cause damage or disease

A

Pathogenic

129
Q

a strong material in the pelvis that holds the origin in its place

A

Pelvic ligament

130
Q

symbol for logarithm of thereciprocal of the (H) ion concentration

A

pH

131
Q

the number of piglets born alive in one farrowing

A

Piglets born alive per litter

132
Q

the organ of metabolic interchange between the fetuses and the sow

A

Placenta

133
Q

scab

A

Plaques

134
Q

inflammation of the pleura or the membranous covering of the lungs

A

Pleuritis

135
Q

inflammation of the lungs usually manifested by coughing

A

Pneumonia

136
Q

given to piglets at 14 – 21 days of age with a CP of 20%

A

Pre-starter feed

137
Q

the period from fertilization to farrowing time; also known as gestation

A

Pregnancy

138
Q

money obtained from sales

A

Proceeds

139
Q

the period from one pregnancy to another

A

Production cycle

140
Q

abnormal protrusion of a part of organ

A

Prolapse

141
Q

preventive

A

Prophylactic

142
Q

severe

A

Profuse

143
Q

a hormone which is mainly responsible for the termination of farrowing, it also causes abortion or premature farrowing

A

Prostaglandin

144
Q

losing strength, energy

A

Prostration

145
Q

itching

A

Pruritus

146
Q

false pregnancy

A

Pseudo pregnancy

147
Q

sexual maturity exhibited by 1st heat or ovulation

A

Puberty

148
Q

the average number of piglets reared

A

Reared piglets per sow per year

149
Q

female pigs primarily raised for breeding purposes

A

Rearing boars/replacement gilts

150
Q

placing all animals that have been bought in isolation for a certain period of time; compulsory segregation of exposed susceptible animals for a period of time equal to the longest usual incubation period of the disease to which they have been exposed. An enforced regulation for the exclusion or isolation of an animal to prevent the spread of a disease.

A

Quarantine

151
Q

surfactant commonly used for general disinfection of dairy, meat- packing & food handling equipment

A

Quaternary ammonium compound

152
Q

not able to stand; too weak to stand

A

Recumbent

153
Q

happening or appearing repeatedly

A

Recurrent

154
Q

the total process by which pigs produce offspring

A

Reproduction

155
Q

inflammation of the turbinate

A

Rhinitis

156
Q

a disease in which the bone do not harden & are malformed due to a deficiency of vitamin D

A

Rickets

157
Q

feed consisting of bulky & coarse plant parts; containing high fiber & low digestible nutrients, arbitrarily defined as fed over 18% crude fiber; classified as earlier dry or green

A

Roughage

158
Q

a pathogenic, diarrhea-producing organism, of which there are over 100 known stains, sometimes present in contaminated feeds

A

Salmonella

159
Q

provisions means whereby health is protected or arrangement for disposal of manure or waste

A

Sanitation

160
Q

fecal looseness; diarrhea

A

Scour

161
Q

bag of flesh that contains the testicles

A

Scrotum

162
Q

feeding device used for ad-libitum feeding practices

A

Self-feeder

163
Q

the colorless fluid portion of the blood remaining after clotting & removal of corpuscles

A

Serum

164
Q

the act of breeding

A

Service

165
Q

weight loss

A

Shrinkage

166
Q

a thin narrow piece of wood, metal, iron etc. used for flooring in the pens

A

Slat

167
Q

long nose of the pig

A

Snout

168
Q

mature female pig; one that has given birth

A

Sow

169
Q

an involuntary muscular contraction; if painful, usually referred to as a cramp, if violent, a convulsion

A

Spasm

170
Q

the cord, consisting of the vas deferens, nerves & blood vessels, that runs from the abdominal cavity to the testicle of scrotum

A

Spermatic cord

171
Q

legs that are spread further apart

A

Splay leg

172
Q

not fresh

A

Stale

173
Q

given to piglets & weaners usually at 45 days (10kgs) to +100 days old (30- 35 kgs) with CP at 18%

A

Starter feed

174
Q

pig form 15 – 30 kgs

A

Starters

175
Q

initial weight

A

Starting weight

176
Q

the animal lies on its chest

A

Sternal recumbency

177
Q

a fully developed piglet which was born dead

A

Still born

178
Q

worksheet which allows a pig raiser to program and plan the number of gilts and boars to be purchased and mated at any given time in order to achieve the targeted population in a pig farm with a specified level of production

A

Stock projection sheet

179
Q

a group of organisms having special properties distinguishing them from other members of the same species

A

Strains

180
Q

stopped growth

A

Stunted

181
Q

describing a disease that is suspected but is not sufficient developed to produce definite signs & symptoms of the animal

A

Sub-clinical

182
Q

prevention of breathing

A

Suffocation

183
Q

happening at the same time

A

Synchronize

184
Q

a young pig from birth up to weaning

A

Suckling

185
Q

monitoring data which will enable the pig raiser to have a clear understanding of the farm results and the status of the farm performance

A

Technical parameters

186
Q

a boar used in crossbreeding program for the production of slaughter pigs

A

Terminal sire

187
Q

spasm and writing of the muscles, particularly those of the face, hands and feet

A

Tetany

188
Q

tied to a post or tree

A

Tethered

189
Q

condition where blood contains poisonous products produced by the body cells from microorganism

A

Toxemia

190
Q

poison

A

Toxin

191
Q

pigs produced from the mating of a two-breed crossbred sow to selected terminal sire of different breed

A

Triple cross pigs

192
Q

composed of treats and mammary glands

A

Udder

193
Q

a state which the uterine muscles are floppy, lacking their normal elasticity

A

Uterine atony

194
Q

a part of the female reproduction tract where the embryo is implanted to become a dully mature piglet ready for expulsion

A

Uterus

195
Q

a suspension of killed microorganism (bacteria, viruses) administered for the prevention of infection disease

A

Vaccine

196
Q

an injection of vaccine, bacterin, antiserum or antitoxin to produce immunity or tolerance to disease

A

Vaccination

197
Q

a boar that has undergone vasectomy which is the excision of a segment of the vas deferens, performed to produce sterility

A

Vasectomized boar

198
Q

one of a group of minute infectious agents

A

Virus

199
Q

the external genitalia of the female

A

Vulva

200
Q

the average number of piglets weaned from one sow for one year

A

Weaned piglets per sow per year

201
Q

a pig which has been separated from it become a fully mature piglet

A

Weaner

202
Q

the process of separating the young from its dam

A

Weaning

b.Zooth 318 (8 decks)

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