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A&P > Glossary: Muscles and Related Anatomic Terms > Flashcards

Glossary: Muscles and Related Anatomic Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Abduction

A

Movement that draws a body part away from the midline of the body.

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2
Q

Achilles tendon

A

Tendon of the gastrocnemius that inserts at the tarsus or hock.

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3
Q

Adduction

A

Movement that draws a body part toward the midline of the body.

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4
Q

Antagonist

A

A muscle acting in opposition to another.

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5
Q

Aponeurosis

A

Broad sheet of fibrous connective tissue that serves as a tendon to attach muscles to bone or to bind muscle together.

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6
Q

Arrector pili

A

Smooth muscles in dorsum that act to raise the hairs on the back.

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7
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Flexor of distal foreleg.

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8
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Portion of “semi” group of muscles, flexor of the distal hind limb.

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9
Q

Cardiac

A

Type of striated muscle fiber found in the heart.

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10
Q

Cremaster

A

Muscle found in spermatic cord that raises and lowers the testicles.

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11
Q

Cutaneous trunci

A

Muscle of the dermis that is responsible for insect-repelling skin twitch.

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12
Q

Diaphragm

A

Musculomembranous wall between abdominal and thoracic cavities.

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13
Q

Epaxial group

A

Muscles of the dorsal back sometimes used for intramuscular injections.

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14
Q

Extensors

A

Muscles that extend a part of the body.

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15
Q

External intercostals

A

Respiratory muscles situated between the ribs.

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16
Q

External oblique

A

Muscle that compresses and supports the abdomen.

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17
Q

Fascia

A

Sheet of fibrous membrane that encloses muscles and separates them into groups.

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18
Q

Fibers

A

Muscle threads or filaments, usually in bundles.

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19
Q

Flexors

A

Muscles that flex a part of the body.

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20
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Muscle of the distal hind limb that flexes the leg and extends the foot.

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21
Q

Gluteal group

A

A group of muscles on the dorsal pelvis sometimes used for intramuscular injections.

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22
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Portion of epaxial group of muscles in dorsum.

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23
Q

Insertion

A

The more movable of the two points of attachment of a muscle.

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24
Q

Internal intercostals

A

Respiratory muscles situated between the ribs.

25
Q

Internal oblique

A

Muscle that compresses and supports the abdomen.

26
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

The broadest muscle of the back; supports the forelimb and aids in flexing the shoulder.

27
Q

Ligament

A

Strong bands of fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilage that aid or restrict movement and support organs.

28
Q

Linea alba

A

Fibrous band of connective tissue that is the center attachment of the abdominal muscles on the ventral abdominal wall.

29
Q

Longissimus

A

Portion of epaxial group of muscles in dorsum.

30
Q

Masseter

A

Muscle of mastication.

31
Q

Mastication

A

The process of grinding or chewing food.

32
Q

Motor nerve

A

The nerve that connects to a muscle.

33
Q

Myology

A

The study of muscles.

34
Q

Neuromotor unit

A

Combination of the nerve cell and its group of muscles that are stimulated to cause muscle contraction.

35
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Muscle that moves the eyelids.

36
Q

Origin

A

The less movable of the two points of attachment of a muscle.

37
Q

Pectoral group

A

Group of muscles on the chest sometimes used for intramuscular injections.

38
Q

Prime movers

A

Muscles that actively produce a movement.

39
Q

Quadriceps femoris group

A

Group of muscles important for extension of the hind limb.

40
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Muscle that compresses and supports the abdomen.

41
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Portion of the quadriceps femurs group of muscles of the hind limb.

42
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Plasma membrane of muscle cells.

43
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm of muscle cells.

44
Q

“Semi” group

A

Sometimes called the hamstring group, flexors of distal hind limb.

45
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Portion of “semi” group of muscles, flexor of distal hind limb.

46
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Portion of “semi” group of muscles, flexor of distal hind limb.

47
Q

Serratus group

A

Group of muscles important for supporting the trunk of the body and for respiration.

48
Q

Skeletal

A

Type of striated muscle fiber that is voluntary.

49
Q

Smooth

A

Type of non striated muscle fiber that is involuntary.

50
Q

Synergists

A

Muscles that work together.

51
Q

Tendon

A

Strong, white bands of connective tissue that attach muscle to bone.

52
Q

Tendon sheath

A

Connective tissue surrounding tendons where there is a long distance to the distal attachment or where the tendon pulls over a joint.

53
Q

Transversospinalis

A

Portion of epaxial group of muscles in dorsum.

54
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

Muscle that compresses and supports the abdomen.

55
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Extensor of distal foreleg.

56
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Portion of the quadriceps femurs group of muscles of the hind limb.

57
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Portion of the quadriceps femurs group of muscles of the hind limb.

58
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Portion of the quadriceps femurs group of muscles of the hind limb.

A&P (12 decks)

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