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A&P > Glossary: Bones and Related Anatomic Terms > Flashcards

Glossary: Bones and Related Anatomic Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Acetabulum

A

Cup-shaped socket in the pelvis.

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2
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Bones of the limbs.

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3
Q

Atlas

A

First cervical vertebra.

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4
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Bones of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.

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5
Q

Axis

A

Second cervical vertebra.

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6
Q

Cancellous bone

A

Inner spongy surface of long bones.

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7
Q

Cannon bone

A

Common name for metacarpal and metatarsal III in horses.

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8
Q

Cervical

A

Vertebrae of the neck.

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9
Q

Clavicle

A

Bone found in some species that serves as portion of the chest; collarbone.

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10
Q

Coccygeal

A

Vertebrae of the tail.

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11
Q

Coffin, pedal bone

A

Distal phalanx of the horse.

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12
Q

Compact bone

A

Outer hard shell of bone.

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13
Q

Costal cartilages

A

Cartilage of ribs.

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14
Q

Cranium

A

Portion of the skull encasing the brain.

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15
Q

Dewclaw

A

Digit 1 or the medial digit in some species such as dogs, also vestigial digits II and V in sheep, goats, and cattle.

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16
Q

Diaphysis

A

Central part of the bone shaft.

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17
Q

Digit

A

Distal extremity made up of phalanges ( ex. toes, claws, hoofs)

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18
Q

Epiphysis

A

End part of developing bone.

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19
Q

Epiphysitis

A

Inflammation of the epiphysis of a bone.

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20
Q

Femur

A

Upper bone in the hind limb.

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21
Q

Fibula

A

More lateral and smaller of the two bones distal to the stifle joint (next to the tibia)

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22
Q

Foramen (foramena is plural)

A

Opening in bone.

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23
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Large opening in the occipital bone connecting the cranial cavity to the vertebral canal.

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24
Q

Frontal bone

A

Bone forming the forepart of the cranium.

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25
Q

Humerus

A

Large bone of the forelimb, between the shoulder and the elbow.

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26
Q

Hyoid

A

U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue.

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27
Q

Ilium

A

Cranial bones of the pelvis.

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28
Q

Interosseous ligament

A

Ligament between splint and cannon bone in the horse.

29
Q

Intervertebral disks

A

Cushions found between the bodies of vertebrae.

30
Q

Ischium

A

Caudal bones of the pelvis, most caudal projections are called pin bones.

31
Q

Lumbar

A

Vertebrae of the back.

32
Q

Mandible

A

Movable portion of the skull; lower jaw.

33
Q

Maxilla

A

Portion of the skull; upper jaw.

34
Q

Medullary cavity

A

Innermost portion of bones.

35
Q

Metacarpals

A

Bones distal to the carpus and proximal to the phalanges, variable in number between species.

36
Q

Metatarsals

A

Bones distal to the tarsus and proximal to the phalanges, variable in number between species.

37
Q

Navicular

A

Boat-shaped, distal sesamoid in the hoof of the horse.

38
Q

Occipital

A

Bone forming the back of the skull.

39
Q

Olecranon

A

Proximal process of the ulna at the elbow joint.

40
Q

Os penis

A

Bone found within the penis of the dog.

41
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone-forming cells.

42
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Bone-remodeling cells.

43
Q

Osteology

A

The study of bone.

44
Q

Parietal

A

Lateral bones of the cranium.

45
Q

Patella

A

Bone over the stifle joint.

46
Q

Pelvis

A

Girdle of bone encircling the caudal abdomen and providing attachment for the hind limb.

47
Q

Periosteum

A

Membrane covering bone.

48
Q

Phalanges (singular, phalanx)

A

Bones of the digits.

49
Q

Pubis

A

Ventral bones of the pelvis.

50
Q

Quadruped

A

A four-footed animal.

51
Q

Radius

A

More medial bone of two bones distal to the elbow ( next to the ulna)

52
Q

Ribs

A

Flat, curved bones forming the thoracic wall and protecting the lungs and heart.

53
Q

Sacrum

A

Fused sacral vertebrae resulting in one bone to which the pelvis is attached.

54
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blade.

55
Q

Sesamoid

A

Any small flat bone embedded in tendon or joint capsule.

56
Q

Sinuses

A

Air spaces within the skull.

57
Q

Sphenoid

A

Wedge-shaped bone at the base of the skull.

58
Q

Splint bones

A

Common name for metacarpals or metatarsals II and IV in the horse.

59
Q

Sternebrae

A

Series of unpaired bones on ventral chest that make up the sternum.

60
Q

Sternum

A

Breastbone, bone on ventral chest.

61
Q

Sutures

A

Seams of the bones of the skull.

62
Q

Temporal

A

Bones forming the sides and base of the skull.

63
Q

Thoracic

A

Vertebrae of the chest or thorax.

64
Q

Tibia

A

More medial and larger of the two bones distal to the stifle joint (next to the fibula).

65
Q

Turbinates

A

Scroll-like bones in the nasal cavity.

66
Q

Ulna

A

More lateral of the two bones distal to the elbow (next to the radius).

67
Q

Ungulates

A

Animals with hooves.

68
Q

Vertebra

A

Spinal column bone.

69
Q

Xiphoid process

A

Caudalmost sternebra.

A&P (12 decks)

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