Glossary

Question 1

Age Related Macular Degeneration

Answer 1

The commonest cause of UK blindness

Characterized by atrophic changes to the macula

Question 2

Astigmatism

Answer 2

The eye has different optical powers in different axes

More like a rugby ball than a football

Question 3

Blepharitis

Answer 3

Inflammation of the eyelids

Question 4

Blow Out Fracture

Answer 4

Fracture of the orbital wall due to increased pressure inside the orbit (blunt trauma)
Orbital Rim remains intact

Question 5

Cataract

Answer 5

Opacity of the lens of the eye

Question 6

Conjunctivitis

Answer 6

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

Question 7

Cotton Wool Spot (Soft Exudate)

Answer 7

Small area of retinal infarction

Pale, fluffy lesion in retina

Question 8

Episcleritis

Answer 8

Inflammation of the episclera

Question 9

Estropia (Converging squint)

Answer 9

Squint in which the eyes turn inwards

Question 10

Flame Shaped Haemorrhage

Answer 10

Haemorrhage on the superficial retina (nerve fibre layer)

Question 11

Glaucoma

Answer 11

A group of conditions where optic cupping/atrophy and field loss occur most commonly due to high intraocular pressure
Group of disorders characterised by progressive damage to the optic nerve which manifests as visual loss
Most commonly associated with raised IOP

Question 12

Guttae (g)

Answer 12

Drops

Question 13

Hard Exudate

Answer 13

Leakage of lipid into the retina

Question 14

Hordeolum Externa

Answer 14

Stye

Inflammatory focus centered on lash follicle

Question 15

Hypermetropia

Answer 15

Long sightedness

Image is focused behind the retina

Question 16

Hyphaema

Answer 16

Blood in the anterior chamber

Question 17

Hypopyon

Answer 17

Pus in the anterior chamber

Question 18

Myopia

Answer 18

Short sightedness

Image is focused before the retina

Question 19

Keratitis

Answer 19

Inflammation of the cornea

Question 20

Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

Answer 20

Dry Eye

Question 21

Oculentum (OC)

Answer 21

Ointment

Question 22

Papilloedema

Answer 22

Swelling of the optic disc due to raised intra-cranial pressure

Question 23

Presbyopia

Answer 23

Reduced accommodation (near focus) due to increasing age
Glasses required for reading

Question 24

Scleritis

Answer 24

Inflammation of the Sclera

Question 25

Squint

Answer 25

Deviation of one eye

• Inwards
• Outwards
• Upwards
• Downwards