Glossary Flashcards
Basal Metabolic Rate
The amount of energy people use while resting.
Energy Dense
Food that has a high energy content in relation to its weight
Lactating
The process of producing breast milk
Enzymatic Hydrolysis
A chemical digestive process that breaks down food by breaking the bonds that hold together the molecular ‘building blocks’ within the food
Conditioning
A behavioral process whereby a response becomes predictable and expected due to increased exposure
Appetite
The desire for food
Physiology
The branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their physical components
Satiety
The feeling of fullness or satisfaction after eating food
Mechanical Digestion
The use of physical force to break down food, such as chewing or the squashing movement of the intestines
Chemical Digestion
The breakdown of food using chemicals such as enzymes and acids
Short Chain Fatty Acids
By product of the fermentation process in the gut
Probiotics
Living bacteria found in some foods, such as kimchi and yoghurt, or supplements and are beneficial to out health
Prebiotics
Non digestible carbohydrates. they are found in high fiber foods and promote the growth of ‘good’ bacteria in our large intestine
Inflammation
Occurs when the body releases white blood cells to protect damaged areas in the body, this causes swelling, soreness and redness. It can occur in response to unwanted substances
Microbiota
The collective group of microorganisms that live in/on us
Microbiome
The term used to describe microorganisms that live on or in out bodies, largest population being in our gut
Nutrient Dense
Food that has a high vitamin and mineral content in relation to its weight
Common Food Allergens
Foods that are known to trigger an allergic reaction in a population group
FODMAP
An acronym for a group of carbohydrates (sugars) that some people find difficult to absorb
FODMAP
An acronym for a group of carbohydrates (sugars) that some people find difficult to absorb
Food Allergy
Occurs when the body’s immune system reacts to an allergen in food, making antibodies to destroy the food. The food allergen is a protein that is generally harmless to most people.
Food Intolerance
A chemical reaction caused when the digestive system cannot completely break down food into smaller components due to producing insufficient enzymes.
Absorption
Occurs in the digestive system when nutrients pass through the small intestine lining.