Dietary Needs Across The Lifespan Flashcards
Why is sex a reason for dietary differences?
Men generally need more energy (kilojoules) and macronutrients compared to women, and have larger body (height and weight), higher basal metabolic rate (BMR), and greater muscle mass
How many times a week should you be active?
Most days of the week, and try to include vigorous activities such as muscle strengthening at least twice a week
What three main functions does nutrients help fulfill
Growth and repair of body tissue
Production of energy
Maintenance of body processes and the prevention of disease
During which period of life do we require the most nutrients?
Infancy and early childhood (birth-2 year)
Infants and young child can only eat small amounts, meaning their diet must be?
high energy, protein and calcium rich foods to sustain growth of bones and soft tissue
What should an adolescent (13-18) diet be high in?
Calcium, to form peak bone mass
Why is folate important preconception?
Its important for the development of the neural tube (the start of the brain and the spinal cord)and an adequate intake is essential to protect against neural tube defects such as cleft palate and spina bifida.
What nutrients should you have more of during pregnancy and lactation?
protein, vitamin C, B group vitamins, folate, calcium and iron – necessary to build new foetal tissue and maternal tissues
Type 1 diabetes
The body does not produce insulin, as pancreatic cells which normally produce insulin are missing or damaged, so blood glucose levels remain high.
Treated by daily injections of insulin
Type 2 diabetes
The body produces insulin in the pancreas, but it is insufficient to control blood glucose effectively. This is often because the body tissues are resistant to the action of insulin
