Glomerulonephritis

Question 1

what is minimal change associated with?

Answer 1

glandular fever
hodgkins lymphoma
NSAIDS
rifampicin

Question 2

what is the treatment for minimal change GN?

Answer 2

steroids

Question 3

what is membranous GN associated with?

Answer 3

infection
malignancy
rheumatoid drugs
or may be idiopathic

Question 4

what antibody is associated with idiopathic membranous GN?

Answer 4

anti-phospholipid A2 antibody

Question 5

what is the treatment for membranous GN?

Answer 5

ACE inhibitor or ARB

cyclophosphamide

Question 6

what is focal segmental GN associated with?

Answer 6

heroin abuse
hepatitis C
or may be idiopathic

Question 7

what are the main differences between post-streptococcal GN and IgA nephropathy?

Answer 7

IgA nephropathy

• develops 1-2 days post URTI
• typically young males
• macroscopic haematuria

post streptococcal

• develops 1-2 weeks post URTI
• low complement levels
• mixed nephrotic and nephritic

Question 8

what renal disease is found in SLE?

Answer 8

diffuse proliferative / post streptococcal

Question 9

what is the typical presentation of IgA nephropathy?

Answer 9

young male with macroscopic haematuria with a recent history (1-2 days) of URTI

Question 10

what are the features of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 10

proteinuria (>3g/l)
hypoalbuminaemia (>30g/l)
oedema

hyperlipidaemia - release of lipids from liver in response to hypoalbuminaemia
thrombosis - loss of antithrombin III and plasminogen in proteinuria
infection - immunloglobulin loss in proteinuria

Question 11

what are the features of nephritic syndrome?

Answer 11

hamaturia

• microscopic (> 3 red cell casts on high magnifying field)
• macroscopic (visible)

hypertension
AKI