glomerulonephritis

Question 1

different causes of GN

Answer 1

1. infection - post strep
2. autoimmune - ra, lupus abitglomeular bm disease
3. deposition - amyloid
4. metabolic - diabetes
5. malignancy
6. drugs- nsaids, anabolic steroids
7. Hereditary disorders e.g. Alport’s syndrome

Question 2

what does selective mean

Answer 2

only albumins

Question 3

what is proliferative GN MORE associated with but not a rule

Answer 3

nephritic

Question 4

difference between iGA AND PSGN

Answer 4

both after an URTI but IG A will have 1 or 3 day history whereas PSGI is > 1 week ( I think) may have even recoverdd

Question 5

what is the ubiquitous feature of FGS

Answer 5

proteinuria which may be nephrotic or non nephrotic

Question 6

FGCS - what happens to podocyes

Answer 6

atrophy

Question 7

MCD- hat happens to podocyes

Answer 7

effacement

Question 8

secondary causes of membranous GN

Answer 8

malaria, hep b , lupus

Question 9

membranous gn has a high risk of

Answer 9

clots especially in renal vein

Question 10

typically what’s the progression form pharyngitis to kidney problems in PSGN

Answer 10

around 10 days

Question 11

‘synpharyngitic syndrome’

Answer 11

in psgn Short latency period <1 week is suggestive of ‘synpharyngitic syndrome’
corresponding typically to exacerbation of underlying IgA nephropathy

Question 12

what type pf hematuria is present in PSGN

Answer 12

Microscopic in more than two-thirds of cases but can be macroscopic sometimes

Question 13

classification of hypertension in PSGN

Answer 13

mild to moderate and typically goes away after diuresis

Question 14

main staining pf PSGN

Answer 14

C3( always ) AND IG G (varying in intensity ) but in talas table they come together

Question 15

ubiquitous MCD

Answer 15

MASSIVE PROTEINURIA

Question 16

PATHOGENEISS OF MCD

Answer 16

T cells in the blood release cytokines which damage the foot
process of the podocytes (effacement) This leads to selective
proteinuria

Question 17

Type of staining in membranous

Answer 17

Granular subepithelial immmune complexes of c3 and IG G

Question 18

Kidney function in membranous

Answer 18

Normal and slightly decreased

Question 19

The difference between primary and secondary memrbnois

Answer 19

1- antibodies attacking the podocytes (antiphospholase A2 receptor)

No mesanagium

iG G subclass 4

Secondary

Competes deposited

Mesangium

Subclasss 1,2,3

Question 20

What type of proteinuria is membranous

Answer 20

Non selective

Question 21

Membranoprolofeative usually affects

Answer 21

Children

Question 22

Type 1 and type 2 membrano proliferative

Answer 22

1. Subendothelial + mesangial proliferation

Type 2 : intramembranous- DDD + mesangium

Type 3: subepi, subendo, mesangium

Question 23

Which types of membranoprolifertive have hypocomplimentemia

Answer 23

Both

Question 24

Which GN have low complement

Answer 24

PSGN and membranoproliferative

Question 25

Where is c3 nephrotic factor found

Answer 25

In type 2 membranoproliferative but also can be found in type 1

Question 26

Where is terminal complement nephrotic factor found

Answer 26

Mainly in type 3! But can be found in type 1 too and rarely in type 2

Question 27

DDD

Answer 27

membranoproliferazive type 2(intramembranous)

Question 28

subepthelial hum like despots of IG G and c3 is

Answer 28

PSGN

Question 29

ig m neproptahthy

Answer 29

you'll have regular staining which is dominant in the mesangial area ELECTRON DENSE DEPOSITS (dx with MCD)

Question 30

which one has irregular staining for iG m

Answer 30

FSGS

Question 31

Whas the pathophys for crescent formation

Answer 31

Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism indicates a primary gonadal defect (congenital or acquired), while hypogonadotropic hypogonadism suggests a hypothalamic/pituitary process (congenital or acquired)

Question 32

classification of crescneetirc

Answer 32

Classification of crescentic GN based on IF and serologic criteria Type 1 –linear deposits of IgG - anti glomerular basement membrane disease Type 2 –granular deposits of immunoglobulin – immune complex mediated Type 3 – few/no immune deposits (pauci – immune) – anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated (ANCA associated) – related to small vessel vasculitis! such as weighers granulomatosis Type 4 – combinations of type 1 and 3 Type 5 – ANCA– negative pauci immune renal vasculitis – 5-10%

Question 33

antiglomerular bM what type of staining

Answer 33

LINEAR

Question 34

where do we find the antiphosopholipase receptor

Answer 34

primary membranous GN