Globalisation EQ1 Flashcards
What is Micro Ensure’s Fearless Health?
An insurance service providing free basic life, accident, and hospital insurance via mobile phones
First used in Kenya, it has 50 million registered users in 15 countries across Africa.
What issues does Micro Ensure’s Fearless Health address?
Combats price/availability issues with existing insurance
It targets individuals in laboring jobs who may have limited access to traditional insurance.
What is M-Shule?
A mobile learning scheme that delivers lessons via SMS
It aims to improve primary school performance and better opportunities for children.
How does mobile technology enhance healthcare access?
People can use their phones to access doctors and diagnostic tools
For example, Peek Vision uses adapted cameras to diagnose vision problems.
What adaptations have been made by Tecno Mobile for mobile phones?
Phones will have longer battery life, run off slower internet speeds, and be cheaper
These adaptations help expand the mobile phone market for developing countries.
What is the World Trade Organisation (WTO)?
An international organization that regulates trade between nations.
The WTO aims to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably, and freely as possible.
What percentage of Guatemala’s cotton crop was exported in the 1980s?
75%
This high export percentage was intended to generate resources for future farms.
What would have increased earnings from Guatemala’s cotton crop?
Processing raw cotton into finished clothes.
Only 1% of the cropland would have been needed for this production.
What challenge did WTO policies present to Guatemala’s cotton market?
Difficulties in opening new markets.
These challenges were due to being completely tied to the production of raw cotton.
When did cotton production in Guatemala end completely?
2005
This was largely due to competition from other countries.
What is the current use of the workforce that previously worked in Guatemala’s cotton production?
Producing cheap T-Shirts for export.
This shift represents a change in the agricultural focus of the workforce.
What was Ghana’s status in the cocoa trade during British colonial rule?
Ghana was the world’s largest producer of cocoa
This historical dominance has significantly influenced its current trade dynamics.
What do WTO rules aim to achieve in international trade?
WTO rules seek tariff-free international trade
These rules are designed to promote free trade among member countries.
How do EU tariffs affect Ghana’s cocoa exports?
The EU sets tariffs for processed cocoa, driving up prices of these goods
This situation forces Ghana to export raw cocoa beans instead of processed products.
When did Ghana join the WTO?
Ghana joined the WTO in 1995
This membership came with specific conditions that affected local farmers.
What condition was imposed on Ghana when it joined the WTO?
Ghanaian farmers should not be subsidised
This contrasts with the practices of the USA and EU, which subsidise their farmers.
What impact do subsidies from the USA and EU have on Ghanaian farmers?
Ghanaian farmers cannot compete with imported and subsidised American and European foods
Many farmers have given up farming as a result.
When did Pakistan join the WTO?
1995
What was a significant consequence of Pakistan joining the WTO regarding its fishing industry?
Pakistan was forced to open their fishing grounds to foreign competition
What types of foreign vessels were allowed into Pakistan’s fishing grounds after joining the WTO?
Deep sea trawlers owned by TNCs
What environmental issue arose from the influx of foreign fishing competition in Pakistan?
Overfishing and depletion of fish stocks
What was the economic impact on Pakistan’s fishing community after the changes in fishing regulations?
Left in poverty
Explain how actions of the national government influenced free market liberalisation in the UK
Deregulation in the City of London in 1986 made the city a hub of finance, allowing foreign competition and abolishing minimum fixed commissions on trades.
How did privatisation in the 1980s impact Southern railways?
Ownership of many countries often passes overseas with a French company buying a stake in Southern railways
What was Sunday Trading in the UK?
An act passed in 1994 that gave shops and businesses the right to trade (buy and sell) on a sunday, making the country more attractive to foreigners retainers. Encouraging business start ups.
After Chinas open door policy of 1978 how many citizens migrate from rural areas?
300million people leave rural areas as agricultural communities dismantle and urban industrialised areas form
