Globalisation and Green Crime

Question 1

why is green crime global crime

Answer 1

-planet is one unified ecosystem which is global and goes beyond national and political borders

Question 2

give an example of green crime

Answer 2

-Chernobyl, Ukraine
-1986 radioactive material disaster spread for miles

Question 3

give a percentage showing the global effect of Chernobyl

Answer 3

-inc rise of radiogenic cancer from 0–>0.02% in Europe and 0.003% in northern hemisphere

Question 4

what does Beck argue about green crime

Answer 4

-Global Risk Society
-inc in productivity and technology creates new manufactured risks that harm the environment
-eg global warming through greenhouse gas emissions

Question 5

give an example of Beck’s Global Risk Society having a global impact

Answer 5

-Mozambique 2010
-wildfires led to grain shortage led to looting/ riots and a knock on effect for the rest of the world

Question 6

what are the two types of criminology for green crime

Answer 6

-green criminology
-traditional criminology

Question 7

who argues green criminology and defines it

Answer 7

-White
-green crime = any action harming the environment even if no law was broken

Question 8

what is green criminology/ White’s definition also known as

Answer 8

• zemiology / study of harm
  -transgressive criminology (goes beyond traditional borders)

Question 9

why does White argue green criminology

Answer 9

-different countries have different laws/ standards of harm
-similar to Marxism and crimes of the powerful as they can influence passing of laws to advantage them or ensure enforcement is weak

Question 10

what is traditional criminology and who argues it

Answer 10

-Situ and Emmons
-defined by criminal law not harm

Question 11

what is the difference between anthropocentrism and ecocentrism

Answer 11

-anthropocentrism = human centred approach we use worlds resources
-ecocentrism = humans and environment are equal and liable to exploitation

Question 12

what does South argue

Answer 12

-primary green crime
-secondary green crime
-environmental discrimination

Question 13

what does South mean by primary green crime

Answer 13

-crime results directly from destruction and degradation of earth’s resources

Question 14

what does South mean by secondary green crime

Answer 14

-crime results from flouting rules aimed at preventing or regulating environmental disasters

Question 15

give 3 examples of South’s primary green crime

Answer 15

-air/ water pollution eg burning fossil fuels and dumping toxic waste
-deforestation eg Amazon and Andes
-species decline and animal abuse eg dog fighting

Question 16

give 2 examples of South’s secondary green crime

Answer 16

-state violence against oppositional groups eg French secret service blew up Green peace ship
-hazardous waste and organised crime eg illegal dumping to save money

Question 17

what does South mean by environmental discrimination (give 2 examples)

Answer 17

-poorest ppl in the world are affected by green crime
-eg Western businesses in third world countries due to lower costs
-eg black communities in America situated closer to dumps and polluting industries

Question 18

give 2 evaluations of green crime

Answer 18

-zemiology makes it harder to research as it requires making a political/ moral statement on a subjective opinion on what is right/wrong
-even traditional criminology is subjective