Globalisation 1

Question 1

When was the term first used in academic use and when was Globalisation Theory (GT) started?

Answer 1

1970s - first academic use

Late 1980s - foundations of globalisation theory

Question 2

What does Held believe are the two schools of globalisation?

Answer 2

Hyperglobalist

Transformationalist

Question 3

What is the hyperglobalist view?

Answer 3

Open markets and free trade and investment across global. The emergence of a homogeneous global culture.
ana Global Optimist

Question 4

What is the tranformationalist view

Answer 4

The flow of culture is not one way, from the west to the developing world; it is a two-way exchange.

Traditional bonds are loosed not destroyed

Question 5

What are the two basic propositions of both views of GT?

Answer 5

1. Single market is coming into being

2. A global village is being created where we share news, gossip, concerns etc

Question 6

What is the traditional view of foreign policy?

Answer 6

It is a boundary activity - at the interface between the domestic and external fields

Question 7

What is the evidence of the greater crossover between domestic and foreign?

Answer 7

States more embedded in plethora of political institutions and military organisations

National economies becoming part of the global economy

Question 8

Who does Held say were the most powerful agents of globalisation

Answer 8

The empires of GBR and other European states

Question 9

What does internationalisation assume about the idea of the state?

Answer 9

Growing interdependence but states remain discrete national units with mutually exclusive boundaries of violence.

Question 10

During the period of the European nation states how could their empires be viewed?

Answer 10

As a world order in its own rights but within their own borders of violence
Mann - “Caged”

Question 11

Who described the empires as being uncaged after the age of empires?

Answer 11

Mann

Question 12

What is a TNA?

Answer 12

Transnational Actor

Question 13

How does Hill categorise TNAs?

Answer 13

1. Territorial
2. Ideological/Cultural
3. Economic

Question 14

What are example of territorial TNAs?

Answer 14

ETA, PLO, PKK
Seek or use a territorial base. Have For Pol of their own

Includes sub-national units such a cities

Question 15

Give an example of a ideological/cultural TNA

Answer 15

CND. WWF.

Seek to promote ideas across national boundaries

Religious bodies

Question 16

What does a transcending relationship look like?

Answer 16

transcends interstate relations

Uninterested in states

Question 17

When did foreign policy start to emerge?

Answer 17

Start of the 19th Century

Prior to this foreign could mean outside the grasp of the king.

Question 18

When did states start to have foreign ministries?

Answer 18

Towards the end of the 19th Century

Question 19

What did Weber see the state as?

Answer 19

A body which claimed a monopoly on the use of force

Question 20

Who claimed the state had a monopoly on taxation?

Answer 20

Schumpeter

Question 21

What do all state definitions have in common?

Answer 21

Spatially defined. Therefore globalisation in a threat to this