Democratic Peace

Question 1

What are possible factors for why wars occur between pairs of states?

Answer 1

Regime type
National interest
Economic factors
Gender norms

Question 2

Why is the question of democratic peace more than just academic?

Answer 2

Because it has been used as a reason to topple governments and install democracy

Question 3

Since what point have two mature democracies not experienced violent conflict?

Answer 3

Start of 19th Century

Question 4

What is violent conflict defined as?

Answer 4

An event in which there are at least 1000 deaths

Question 5

What is an example of a European militarised dispute without death?

Answer 5

Cod Wars 1970s between Iceland and UK

Question 6

What is the nearest that DPT has come to being broken?

Answer 6

1999 Kargil War.

Not 1000 dead

Question 7

What are the two clusters of reasons for democratic peace?

Answer 7

1. Democratic institutions nurture peace

2. Normative explantion

Question 8

Why did Kant believe that elected leaders would not desire conflict?

Answer 8

Wars are generally unpopular and unpopular policies increase the likelihood of not being re-elected

Question 9

Why would a dictator be less worried about war?

Answer 9

Using tools of REPRESSION and NATIONALISM they can remain in power despite unpopular policies

Question 10

Who said that the abilities of democracies to mobilise their economies makes them less likely to fight each other?

Answer 10

De Mesquite

Question 11

What have Reiter and Tillman said makes Democracies less likely to fight wars?

Answer 11

The Diffusion of power in democratic govts slows the abilities for democracies to make war.

Question 12

What domestic norms do democracies have that could make war less likely

Answer 12

Non-violent conflict resolution.
Laws, Courts, elections, free speech.

Therefore more likely to use mediation and diplomacy.

Question 13

Why could autocracies be more inclined us violence?

Answer 13

They may have a culture which emphasises political violence as well as tactics such as repression and brutality

Question 14

What are realist thought on DPT?

Answer 14

Regime type has no effect on peace or war because the brutally competitive nature of intl sys forces all states to behave in a similar way

Question 15

Why did Wilson enter WWI?

Answer 15

Because Prussian autocracy had been a fundamental cause of the war. As such US need to democratises GER.

Question 16

Why was an absolute surrender needed from the Axis powers

Answer 16

Autocracy was a root cause of the war so unconditional surrender required to democratise them

Question 17

Where did Bill Clinton show a belief in DPT?

Answer 17

Haiti internvention 1995 and NATO expansion in E EUR

Question 18

Where did Obama hope democracy would spread?

Answer 18

Mid East via Arab Spring

Question 19

Where did Bush hope to bring democracy?

Answer 19

Iraq

Question 20

What explains peace for realists?

Answer 20

Common national interests

Question 21

What classical realists disagreed with Wilson’s view on democracy?

Answer 21

Carr
Lippman
Morganthau

Question 22

Who argued that democratic peace was a temporal phenomenon?

Answer 22

Gowa.

Question 23

What is the timeline of Gowa’s temporal theory

Answer 23

Pre WW1 - as likely for MIDS and wars
1919-38 - Wars not MIDS
45 + less like MIDs and WAR

Question 24

What are MIDS?

Answer 24

Militarised interstate disputes

Question 25

What did Gibler say was the real cause of war?

Answer 25

Territorial disputes

Measuring the stability of borders could indicate chance of peace.

Question 26

What does the McDonalds peace state?

Answer 26

Countries with McDs do not fight each other. Challenged by RUS/GEO 2008 and UKR

Question 27

What does Lasswell say can weaken democracies?

Answer 27

Emergence of garrison state due to external threars

Question 28

What problems does a garrison state pose to democracy?

Answer 28

Emphasises collective over individual and coercion over bargaining.

Question 29

Who said that a lack of adult population who vote with and respect human rights correlates with likelihood of interstate war?

Answer 29

Poe and Tate