global trends and H+W - unit 4 AOS 1

Question 1

implications for health and wellbeing - climate change

Answer 1

• The burning of fossil fuels to provide energy has increased the production of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, which trap heat radiated from the sun and thus contribute to global warming.
• Earth’s increasing temperature has led to the melting of glaciers and ice sheets, contributing to rising sea levels, changing weather patterns and more intense and frequent extreme weather events such as floods and heatwaves.

Question 2

climate change - rising sea levels

Answer 2

• as global temperatures rise, glaciers melt and water molecules expand causing an increase in sea levels.
• this can cause people to be displaced from their home due to flooding in costal areas, causing stress and anxiety (mental) and a lost sense of belonging and connection to land (spiritual)
• As sea levels rise, salt water seeps into freshwater springs which limits the availability of clean water
• sat water causes changes to the chemistry of soil making it unsuitable for growing food. This can increase food insecurity, causing malnutrition and decreased immune functioning.

Question 3

climate change - changes in weather patterns and more extreme weather

Answer 3

• global warming increases temperatures contributing o humidity which is the perfect breeding ground for mosquitos. This can increase diseases such as malaria (physical). Additionally, more exteme weather conditions such as floods can increase the risk of water born diseases typhoid (physical)
• more extreme weather events such as floods, fires and tornadoes can destroy home leaving people homeless without protection and shelter, increasing their risk of illness and injury (physical). this can also increase stress and anxiety (mental)
• more extreme weather events such as floods, droughts and fires can negatively impact the growth of crops. This can increase food insecurity leading to malnutrition and decreased immune functioning. (physical)

Question 4

implications for health and wellbeing - conflict

Answer 4

• worldwide conflict has increased
• conflict can cause physical injuries (physical)
• conflict means people cannot go about their day without heightened stress and anxiety associated with wars (mental)
• conflict can damage homes and other forms of infrastructure such as schools and hospitals

Question 5

implications for health and wellbeing - mass migration

Answer 5

• forced displacement from homes can mean people are left without protection and shelter, increasing illness and injury
• people may have to leave their farms and jobs meaning they wont have an income, increasing poverty
• Mass migration forces people to leave behind supportive friendship networks (social) and impairs their sense of peace and harmony as they are forced to adapt to new and unfamiliar circumstances (spiritual).

Question 6

implications for health and wellbeing- trade

Answer 6

advantages
- World trade provides job opportunities for local workers. Increased levels of employment lead to a higher standard of living (mental and physical H+W)

disadvantages
- fewer occupational health and safety in low income countries
- women and children can be denied access to school and employment because of this

Question 7

implications for health and wellbeing - tourism

Answer 7

advantages
- Tourism promotes economic growth which further promotes job creation and opportunities for people to be employed and earn an income. With an income, families are more able to purchase the necessary food, water, clothing, shelter and healthcare (physical)
- can break down barriers that exist between countries

disadvantages
- However, tourism can put pressure on local infrastructure such as sewerage systems, meaning that inadequate disposal of wastes generated by tourists can contaminate water supplies, increasing the risk of waterborne diseases such as cholera (physical).
- can increase disease spread

Question 8

implications for health and wellbeing - digital technology

Answer 8

Advantages
- Online forums can allow people to find a group of like-minded individuals with the same condition as them, promoting a positive sense of belonging and connection to a community (spiritual).
- Digital technologies provide countries with the ability to register births, deaths and marriages, which ensures people have access to legal protection, education and basic human rights.
- SMS services can be used to issue warnings of impending emergencies, allowing people to prepare and thus reducing stress and anxiety (mental).
- can allow for communication to maintain relationships (social)

disadvantges
- bullying
- Health data can be hacked or distributed in an illegal manner