Global Systems And Governance Flashcards
How are we global citizens?
International sports competitions (euros, World Cup, Wimbledon, olympics), going on holiday, clothing style, food, coffee etc
What are common themes of globalisation
- connection
- interconnection
- interdependence
- movements of flows, ideas, capital and people
Examples of economic globalisation
MNCs/TNCs operating on global scales with industrial plants employees/ customers world.
North American free trade agreement (one of the largest free trade zones in the world
International sporting events
World trade organisation deals with rules between nations
Global food corps (Starbucks, Maccies, coca-cola) has lead to decline in local diets and eating traditions
In 2016 apple sold over 212 million iPhones worldwide
Collapse of US bank in 2008 led to global financial crisis
Facebook had over 2 billion users world wide in 2017
Examples of social globalisation
1000s of international students enrol in UK unis every year.
Migration is easier due to travelling by air become more popular and cheaper.
what was the deregulation of world financial markets
when banks, insurance companies and investment companies were no longer confined by national boundaries
what are economic leakages
when money is ‘lost’ from an economic system as profits from a company when the money goes back to the country where the company is based.
how have flows of labour changed
they have increased globally
where do most migrants chose to work
short distances within the same region or between neighbouring regions
name three things that have increased flows of products
low cost of transport
fewer barriers to trade e.g. tariffs
lower costs for financial transactions
where are some important financial centres?
London, Seoul, Hong Kong
Who are the Asian tigers?
Hong Kong, Taiwan, South Korea and Singapore
Who are the Asian tigers?
Hong Kong, Taiwan, South Korea and Singapore
apple case study
outline the spatial organisation of Apple
the HQ is in California, and they have their own campus called apple park. Their main products are designed in the silicone valley in California, they are made in China by Foxconn and the materials are sourced from companies all over the world. usually production occurs in LEDCs and construction occurs in MEDCs.
where are apple stores located around the world
Majority of apple stores are located in North America, with over 260 stores, Europe has around 115, and 42 in eastern Asia and 10 in Australia.
where is production of apple products concentrated. why?
Mainly in East Asia in countries such as Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and South Korea. production also occurs in parts of Europe and North America.
the lack of labour laws in some East Asian countries means that Apple can benefit from the cheap labour, which drives up their profits. The cost of this is that workers are exploited by the company, as they are forced to work long hours under hash conditions. also the metals that need to be sourced can be highly toxic if they are ingested which they often are due to the lack of proper drainage systems within the areas that workers are forced to live and eat in.
why are apples products produced in China?
apple is able to outsource production to Taiwanese electronic firms such as Foxconn, who competed for apples manufacturing contract on the basis of low production costs
large, young, skilled workforce that are noon- unionised. (exploiting lack of labour laws and forcing them to work long shifts for low wages)
Shenzhen is China’s first and most successful Special Economic Zones offering a number of incentives to attract FDI
explain how trade agreements are a factor in globalisation
trade agreements increase the interconnection and interdependence between countries. there are increased flows or products ideas and capital.
for example, NAFTA is one of the strongest trade agreements in the world.
FDI and trade more than doubled boosting the economies.
production jobs in Mexico increased jobs in the production industry. Athe leaders of the countries met more often which decreased tensions and solidified the friendship between the countries
when was the UN formed and how many member states does it have
1945, 193
what is a frustrating actor?
factors that don’t want to work with other countries and hinder global governance e.g.
- Trump
- Putin
- Nigel Farriage
Why do TNCs aim to sell the same product in the same way everywhere?
To have their brand recognised everywhere and establish brand identity globally
What flows are increased by global marketing
Information
Labour
Capital
Products and services
How has growth of communication contributed to rise in global marketing
Allows TNCs to advertise to a wider audience through many different forms of media e.g tv, social media and radio. This allows them to reach billions of people
