global sporting events Flashcards
who foundered the modern Olympic Games?
pierre de coubertin
where have the modern Olympic Games been inspired by?
the ancient olympics
much wenlock games
19th century public schools
what are the aims of the modern Olympic Games?
develop equality
unite people
develop respect
teach fair play
develop peace
educate
promote development of physical and moral quantities
what’s the IOC and what do they do?
the international olympic committee
they oversea the organisation of the olympics (rules/ timetable)
select the host city
and manage commercialisation of the games
whats the BOA and what do they do?
British olympic association
they select the GB team
liaise with other elite sport organisations
allocates sponsors to athletes
prepares GB team (training camps)
where were the 5 main Olympic Games and what years were they?
Berlin- 1936
Mexico City- 1968
Munich- 1972
Moscow- 1980
LA- 1984
what was the political exploitation of Berlin olympics?
to promote an ideology
what was the political exploitation of Mexico City olympics?
to raise awareness of discrimination/ racial inequality
what was the political exploitation of the Munich olympics?
to generate media coverage of terrorism
what was the political exploitation of the Moscow olympics?
boycotts in protest of actions/ beliefs/ regimes
what was the political exploitation of the LA olympics?
boycotts in protest of actions/ regimes
what happened at the Berlin Olympic Games?
hitler used this to make himself known worldwide through propaganda
it was used to promote aryan as the superior race (blue eyes, blonde hair)
used to show efficiency of Germany under nazi control
German athletes were trained full time before the games to increase chance they’d win
Lutz Lang the touch bearer was used to show the superiority of their race
African american athlete Jesse Owens won 100m but hitler wouldn’t put the medal round his neck or shake his hand
what happened at the Mexico City Olympic Games?
countries threatened to boycott the games if South Africa were allowed to attend
African American athletes Tommy Smith and John Carlos used the 200m medal ceremony to protest about lack of civil rights in the US (known as the black power salute)
athletes wore a glove and raised their hand to signify black power and wore black socks to represent poverty
Peter Norman (2nd place australian) wore a civil rights badge
what happened in the Munich Olympic Games?
a day before the games, 8 members from the black September group stormed the olympic village and seized 11 members of the Israeli team
they requested the release of 234 palestinians that were being held in Israel
attempts to rescue the hostages failed and they were all murdered along with 5 of the terrorists
IOC decided to still continue the games just delay the opening ceremony by one day- was controversial
led to the development of the anti terrorism movement
what happened at the Moscow Olympic Games?
at the time Moscow was part of the soviet union (communist federation) along with north Asia and part of eastern Europe
just before the games, Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan
jimmy Carter ( American president) suggested a boycott if soviet tropes didn’t withdraw
let to 65 countries not attending
some athletes went against the country and competed under the olympic flag
what happened at the LA Olympic Games?
IOC were in financial difficulties so reluctantly excepted commercialisation
12 weeks before, Soviet Union and 14 other European countries announced a boycott in response to USA boycotting theirs
advantages of linking politics with sport
sport could bring nations together fixing problems
sport can benefit a country economically
can be used to promote positive political agendas/ create awareness
disadvantages of linking politics with sport
disregards De Coubertin’s olympic values
can promote negative political agendas
potentially dangerous (terrorism)
can cause conflicts between countries
takes away from sport being its own entity (boycotts)
what’s a global sporting event?
any sporting competition that takes place at an international level
characteristics of a global sporting event
elite level performance
highly spectated
commercialised
world class facilities
positive sporting values
sometimes show political agendas
patriotism
deviance commonly occurs
for sporting: positive effects of hosting a global sporting event
increased funding
world class facilities
improved awareness of sport
increased participation from elite role models
home advantage for host city
helps develop excellence in sport through pathways
for sporting: negative effects of hosting a global sporting event
facilities wasted after event
disproportionate funding, minority sports can suffer
decline in participation after event
if unsuccessfully hosted, can project a negative profile of the sport
too much pressure on athletes to succeed
any deviance/ scandal will have a negative effect on the sport
for social: positive effects of hosting a global sporting event
gives a sense of identity or pride in their country, bringing people together
develops patriotism
people enjoy the experience
money from tourism can be spent on the local community
for social: negative effects of hosting a global sporting event
people may be disrupted by development required
during the event, local prices may increase
focus and money is given to the event instead of longer term local issues
the benefits may not be felt by the majority of local people
positive effects might be short lived and leave other problems behind
may lead to resentment in other areas/ countries.
for economic: positive effects of hosting a global sporting event
increased income to the host country (sponsors and tourism)
creation of jobs
possible increases in trade and exporting
improved infrastructure eg. transport
increased investment in local public facilities
can raise the status of the county in a global way from the ‘shop window effect’ only positive parts of the country shown through media
for economic: negative effects of hosting a global sporting event
bidding for the event is expensive and if not won, then no money will be brought back in
might lead to dept or financial strain
increased taxes for local people to fund the event
many jobs created are temporary
if event/ participance are linked to deviance then may result is loss of sponsors.
for political: positive effects of hosting a global sporting event
successful host can make the government seem successful
employment opportunities may improve governments popularity (more votes)
can bring unity to the country and a sense of purpose
shop window effect, media showing everything positive about the country
for political: negative effects of hosting a global sporting event
financial cost of hosting may make the political party unpopular
increased threat of terrorism/ security risk
if host nation doesn’t perform well, could lower national esteem
possible negative environmental impacts such as litter may decrease political parties popularity
if the legacy of the event is poor it could reflect badly as public money spent poorly
political protests can look bad on the country
