Global Patterns of Disease II Flashcards
What is a case control study?
A case control studies sets out a known outcome and compares individuals with or without this outcome and determines what connects them. It is always retrospective.
What are the advantages of a case control study?
It is cheap, quick and good for investigating outbreaks of infectious diseases
How can we explain that as prevalence increases incidence can reduce in the setting of HIV infection?
” Antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves survival of people living with HIV as more people living with HIV receive ART (15 million people globally are on ART) the prevalence of HIV within a population increases.
“ ART also reduces the risk of onward viral transmission by limiting the level of virus in the blood and secretions of people living with HIV to almost zero (HPTN052, PARTNER study, PMTCT studies). Therefore, the more people taking ART the less people within a population transmit infection and so incidence reduces.
