global inequality

Question 1

world systems theory

Answer 1

the world economy makes poor nations dependant on rich ones

Question 2

core

Answer 2

most economically diversified, wealthy, and powerful nations, highly industrialized & produce manufactured goods

Question 3

periphery

Answer 3

worlds least economically diversified & industrialized nations, mostly extracting & exporting raw materials to core countries

Question 4

semi-periphery

Answer 4

countries that are moving toward industrialization & more diversified economy, not usually dominated in international trade

Question 5

modernization theory

Answer 5

countries are poor because they cling to traditional/inefficient technologies/attitudes, predicts that given enough time & correct behaviours all societies can be modernized like western societies

Question 6

cash crops

Answer 6

crops sold for profit (not for farmer’s consumption)

Question 7

monocropping

Answer 7

agricultural practice of producing a single crop on the same land every year, corn, soybean, wheat are common crops

Question 8

ethnocentrism

Answer 8

judging other cultures by the standards of one’s own culture

Question 9

global coffee commodity chain

Answer 9

system of linked stages that transform raw agricultural product into a set of consumable goods

Question 10

political economy

Answer 10

distribution of power on production and distribution for material well-being

Question 11

debt burden in less wealthy nations

Answer 11

poor countries owe rich countries, high unemployment

Question 12

globalization

Answer 12

increasing interconnectedness of people and places that result from advances in transportation, etc

1. physical
2. spatio-temporal
3. cognitive

Question 13

global village

Answer 13

increasing interconnectedness and unified global nation that comes from growth of international communication

Question 14

world society theory

Answer 14

emphasizes importance of institutions & culture in forming structure and behaviours of nation

explain ww2 emergence of global institutions and increasingly shared world culture

Question 15

gini index

Answer 15

a measure used to compare income inequality across countries (0-1, perfect inequality - total inequality)

Question 16

human development index

Answer 16

number that combines variety of measures regarding health and quality of life in a country

Question 17

how does the existence of global poverty help western countries? (Daina Eglitis)

Answer 17

1. helps ensure affordable good for Western consumers
2. support western medical advances
3. dumping dangerous materials

Question 18

pros and cons of “Fair Trade for All” (Nicki Cole & Keith Brown)

Answer 18

pro:
- reduce inconsistencies in the certification process
- increase consumer awareness about fair trade initiatives
- educate consumers about plight of producers around the world

con:
- supply for fair trade outpaces demand
- mistakenly assumed that all plantations provide same benefits for farmers & cooperatives