Global Health (GI Infections) Flashcards
Identify the main causes of death, in terms of disease.
1) Globally
2) In high income countries
3) In low income countries
GLOBALLY
1) Ischemic Heart Disease
2) Stroke
IN HIGH INCOME COUNTRIES
1) Ischemic Heart Disease
2) Stroke
IN LOW INCOME COUNTRIES
1) Lower respiratory infections
2) Diarrheal diseases
Distinguish between inequity and inequality.
Equality = promotes fairness and justice by giving everyone same (about sameness)
Equity = about making sure everyone gets access to same opportunities
Define incidence, period prevalence, and point prevalence.
Incidence = number of new cases in a population over a fixed period of time
Period Prevalence = total number of existing cases in a population over a fixed period of time
Point Prevalence = total number of existing cases in a population at a specific time
How many kids die each year before their fifth birthday ?
6 Million
Identify diseases which arise from lack of sanitation.
Cholera (due to Vibrio Cholerae)
Plague
Diarrheal diseases
How many people worldwide do NOT have access to safe water ?
884 millions people worldwide
How many people worldwide do NOT have access to adequate sanitation ?
2.5 billion people worldwide
Which pathogens are responsible for the most diarrheal disease in children in developing countries ?
1) Rotavirus
2) E. coli
How does diarrheal infection usually get transmitted ?
Usually due to contamination by fecal material
Define DALYs.
Disability-adjusted life years.
Number of years lost due to ill-health, disability or early death
Identify measures to prevent diarrhea.
- Access to safe drinking water
- Use of improved sanitation
- Handwashing with soap
- Exclusive breastfeeding (for first 6 months)
- Good personal and food hygiene
- Health education (how infections spread)
- Rotavirus vaccination
Define global health.
“area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide”
Identify an MDG.
Ensure Environmental Sustainability, aims to halve proportion without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation.
Give reasons why global health is important.
- Greatest burden on the greatest amount of people
- In a global context we are the exception, not the rule
- World is becoming much smaller place every day
Define water footprint.
Total V of freshwater used to produce goods and services consumed by the individual or community or business both directly and indirectly.
