Global Health Flashcards
Top 5 Global causes of under 5 mortality
Preterm birth complications Pneumonia Intrapartum related complications Congenital abnormalities Diarrhoea
Global most common causes of pneumonia
Strep pneumoniae, haemophilus influenza, RSV, PJP-HIV
Global risk factors of pneumonia
Overcrowding, malnutrition, indoor air pollution, parental smoking
Global cause of diarrhoea
Faeces-contaminated water
Prevention of diarrhoea
Safe drinking water, sanitation, breastfeeding, vaccine (rotavirus most common viral cause)
Treatment of diarrhoea
Oral rehydration solution, zinc supplements
HIV presentation
The great mimic, recurrent infection/illness, failure to thrive, generalised lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, encephalopathy, persistent fever, chronic parotitis
Diagnosis of HIV
<18 months PCR for HIV DNA/RNA
>18 months serological rapid antibody test
What can be taken daily to protect against PJP
Daily co-trimoxazole
Treatment of HIV
Adults: ART
Child > 3: 2 NRTIs, 1 NNRTIs
Child < 3: Protease inhibitors
TB risk factors
HIV, malnutrition, household contact
TB presentation
Chronic cough, fever > 2 weeks, night sweats, weight loss, lymphadenopathy
TB Diagnosis
Sputum culture for acid fast bacilli
Interferon gamma release assays
Chest XR for lymph nodes
Mantoux
Treatment for TB
2RIPE 4 RI
Cause of malaria
Plasmodium parasite from female anopheles mosquito
