Global Health Flashcards
Morbidity rate definition
Diseased state, disability, or poor health due to any cause; incidence, prevalence, cumulative incidence of risk of developing a new medical condition
Mortality rate definition
Number of deaths in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time
Disability adjusted life year (DALY) definition
Measure of the time lived with disability and the time lost due to premature mortality
Quality adjusted life years (QALY)
Combines expected survival with expected quality of life into a single number; measure of the value that individuals place on expected years of survival
Malaria treatment principles
Early diagnosis and prompt, effective treatment
Rational use of antimalarial agents
Combo therapy
Appropriate weight-based dosing for kids
Malaria treatment options
Artemether and lumefantrine Artesunate and amodiaquine Artesunate and mefloquine Dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine Artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine
Duration of malaria treatment
3 days
Parasites that cause malaria
P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae
Mode of transmission for ebola
Infected body fluids (blood, sweat, tears, breastmilk, semen, urine, vomit, stool)
Early febrile phase of ebola: symptoms
Fever, malaise, fatigue, body aches
GI phase of ebola: symptoms
Epigastric pain; N/V/D
Shock or recovery phase of ebola: symptoms
Shock: diminished consciousness or coma, rapid thready pulse, oliguria, anuria, tachypnea
Recovery: resolution of symptoms, increased PO intake, increased energy
Late complications of ebola
GI hemorrhage, secondary infections, meningoencephalitis, persistent neurocognitive abnormalities
How to prevent ebola transmission
PPE, distancing yourself (6 feet), no symptoms means no risk for transmission but there may still be possible transmission through sexual contact
