Global Govenance Flashcards
What is global governance?
The rules, norms and laws used to regulate human activity at an international scale
How global affairs effecting the world are managed
Who is involved in global governance? (3)
National government
International institutions (IGOs) eg UN
NGOs
What are international laws?
Legally binding rules established by countries through international agreements
What are norms?
Accepted standards of behaviour
Usually negative consequences for countries who don’t follow them
eg respecting human rights
what are international institutions?
Political and legal organisations
Exist to pass and enforce rules at a global scale
(IGOs, intergovernmental organisations)
- UN
- WTO
What is the UN?
Global institution
Set up in 1945
193 member countries
- maintain peace and security
- cooperate to solve international problems
Promote growth and stability through United Nations development programme
Also cause inequalities and injustices
what is the United Nations Development Programme?
operates in over 170 countries
aims to eradicate poverty and reduce inequalities
drives to meet millennium and sustainable development goals
How does the UN promote growth?
Millennium development goals +
Sustainable development goals
Halved extreme poverty in 15 years
43 million more children go to primary school
Reduced HIV infection
More access to clean drinking water
How does the UN promote stability?
UN peacekeeping missions
Côte d’Ivoire- peaceful election in 2015 after years of civil war
How does the UN promote inequality?
HICs hold most power over UN decisions
Many issues tackled LICs eg African countries
No African country has a permanent seat at UN Security Council
- no say in final decisions
How does the UN promote injustices?
UN has been ineffective
1995 - UN peace keeps failed to protect 8000 from being killed by Bosnian Serbs
Role of NGOs in global governance
Ensure justice and equality for people across world - protect human rights
Campaign for environmental sustainability
Draw attention to international issues
provide essential services to those most at needs
+ Work independently from individual countries governments - unbias opinions
- but have little direct impacts as cant make and enforce laws themselves
Eg Greenpeace or Oxfam
How does global governance (international institutions) promote growth?
World Bank - loans to LICs to promote growth
WTO - rules to promote international trade, promote economic growth
Trade rules
Mean countries can’t take advantage of each other - all can develop
UN - development goals
How does global governance (international institutions) promote stability?
WTO - rules make trade more predictable, more stable
promotes international trade - more dependant
WHO - compact global public health issues, increases social stability
International laws - countries know how other will react, conflicts less likely
UN peacekeeping missions
How does global governance (international institutions) promote inequality and injustice?
Conditions to IMF and WB loans
- must cut government spending (eg on health or education)
- makes inequalities worse
Institutions such as G7 strength power of HICs - don’t promote equality between them
